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The Millennium stunt "Beating the Iron Flower" illuminates Xinzhou Night.

Photo by Guanghong, the ancient city of Zhangzhou.

"How romantic!" "There is a taste of the year!" Men, women and children, online and offline, greatly appreciated the performance.

Spoons of hot molten iron soared into the air under the impact of the inheritors of pig iron smelting and casting, and turned into pieces of iron flowers that bloomed in the wind in the night sky, soaring like a dragon, blooming like a goddess, and colorful. The citizens and netizens watching gave out a burst of amazement and played a wonderful movement of iron flowers, fire and rain to welcome the new year.

The big IP Xinzhou ancient city is out of the circle again! The iron flower is full of color, the fire dance is flying, and the drone lens shuttles through the iron flower, which is not only wonderful in form and content, but also visually impactful, and also tells the wonderful story of Xinzhou.

Tie Hua is an intangible cultural heritage with rich connotations in China’s traditional customs and folk arts. Spread in Shanxi, Hebei, Henan and Shandong, with a long history. According to legend, the earliest flower while the iron is hot was originally a ceremony held by an alchemist and five craftsmen of gold, silver, copper, iron and tin to jointly offer sacrifices to the grandfathers and grandfathers of Taishang Laojun every Spring Festival. The application of blacksmith flower flourished in the Song Dynasty, which made this activity more grand and spectacular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and then evolved into a popular social fire activity among the people.

In addition to their hard work in iron smelting and casting, craftsmen have derived the activity of "beating iron flowers", which includes sacrifice, exorcism, blessing and entertainment. It has been passed down from generation to generation and has become a unique folk activity in various places over time. In addition to showing the style of the industry, pleasing the people and expanding the influence, the activity of beating iron flowers mainly uses the homonym of "flower" and "hair" to take the meaning of "beating flowers and beating flowers more and more", which symbolizes the prosperity of the cause.

The silver flowers of the fire tree are unpredictable, and the pearls are scattered in vain. Come to the ancient city of Xinzhou, watch Tiehua in spring, have a good time dancing, and have a happy, complete and happy China Year here.

(Author: Mi Guanghong, Shanxi Cultural Travel Ambassador)

Original title: "Millennium stunt" Strike the Iron Flower "Illuminates Xinzhou Night"

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The latest price of Jinan BMW i5 car is 328,000 yuan, and the news of price reduction is discounted. The latest offer is 111,900 yuan, and the car is sufficient.

[car home Jinan Preferential Promotion Channel] Special attention! Good news! This high-profile model is enjoying a grand preferential activity in Jinan area. At present, car buyers have the opportunity to enjoy an attractive discount of up to 111,900 yuan, which further reduces the original minimum starting price of 328,000 yuan. This undoubtedly brings attractive car buying opportunities to consumers in Jinan. If you are interested in BMW i5, don’t miss this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to reduce the price. Click "Check the car price" in the quotation form immediately, and take the time to get a higher discount!

济南宝马i5汽车最新价格32.8万,大幅降价打折,最新报价优惠11.19万,现车充足

As an innovative electric vehicle, BMW i5 shows a futuristic design. The front face adopts the BMW family’s iconic kidney-shaped air intake grille, but incorporates the characteristic elements of new energy vehicles, such as closed design to emphasize its electric identity. The body lines are smooth, and the overall style is very scientific and sporty, which combines elegance and strength, highlighting BMW’s unique understanding of luxury electric vehicles.

济南宝马i5汽车最新价格32.8万,大幅降价打折,最新报价优惠11.19万,现车充足

With its dynamic body design, BMW i5 shows an elegant and powerful profile. In terms of body size, it has a length of 5175mm, a width of 1900mm and a height of 1520mm, which gives it spacious interior space and stable body proportion. The wheelbase is as long as 3105mm, which further improves the ride comfort. The front tread of 1621mm and the rear tread of 1658mm ensure good driving stability. Tyre size is 245/45 R19, with exquisite rim design, which not only enhances the visual effect, but also ensures the excellent performance of driving performance.

济南宝马i5汽车最新价格32.8万,大幅降价打折,最新报价优惠11.19万,现车充足

The interior design of BMW i5 shows the perfect combination of luxury and technology. Exquisite leather steering wheel not only provides a comfortable grip, but also supports electric up and down+front and rear adjustment, so that drivers can adjust the best driving position according to their needs. The 14.9-inch central control screen stands in the center, equipped with advanced speech recognition control system, which can easily control various functions such as multimedia, navigation, telephone and air conditioning. The seat is made of imitation leather, which ensures the riding comfort. The main and auxiliary seats support multi-directional adjustment, including front and rear, backrest, height and lumbar support. The front seats also provide additional heating function. In addition, the vehicle is equipped with USB/Type-C interfaces, including two in the front row and two in the back row, and the wireless charging function of the mobile phone, which fully meets the daily needs of passengers.

济南宝马i5汽车最新价格32.8万,大幅降价打折,最新报价优惠11.19万,现车充足

BMW i5 is equipped with an efficient engine with a maximum power of 210kW, and its powerful power output can satisfy the driver’s pursuit of performance. In terms of torque, this engine provides a torque of 410 Nm, which makes the vehicle show strong torque support during acceleration and driving, ensuring a smooth driving experience and excellent performance.

In summing up the owner’s comments, BMW i5 won his love with its eye-catching front design and unique sense of movement. He said that the appearance is very attractive, especially the heavy lines and good face value, which undoubtedly added extra charm to the driving experience. For drivers who are looking for appearance and performance, BMW i5 is undoubtedly a worthy choice.

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The Information Office held a press conference on the import and export situation in 2019.

The State Council held a press conference on the import and export situation in 2019. China Net Li Jiashe

The State Council Press Office held a press conference at 10am on Tuesday, January 14th, 2020, and invited Zou Zhiwu, Deputy Director of the General Administration of Customs, to introduce the import and export situation in 2019 and take questions from reporters.

Shou Xiaoli, Information Bureau of the State Council Information Office

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to the press conference of the State Council Information Office. Today, we regularly release the economic data for the whole year. We are very pleased to invite Mr. Zou Zhiwu, Deputy Director of the General Administration of Customs, to introduce the import and export situation in 2019 and answer your questions. Also present at today’s conference was Mr. Huang Guohua, Deputy Director of Statistics and Analysis Department of General Administration of Customs.

Next, please let Mr. Zou Zhiwu make an introduction.

Zou Zhiwu, Deputy Director of General Administration of Customs.China Net Li Jiashe

Zou Zhiwu, Deputy Director of General Administration of Customs.

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, journalists and friends. Nice to meet you. Today is the first press conference of the Customs in the New Year. I would like to take this opportunity today to express my heartfelt thanks to the media friends for their concern, support and help in customs work in the past year. At the same time, I also take this opportunity to pay tribute to everyone in advance and wish you a happy New Year. Next, I will first report on China’s foreign trade import and export in 2019, and then answer your questions.

In 2019, the total import and export value of China’s goods trade was 31.54 trillion yuan, an increase of 3.4% over 2018. Among them, the export was 17.23 trillion yuan, an increase of 5%; Imports reached 14.31 trillion yuan, up by 1.6%; The trade surplus was 2.92 trillion yuan, an increase of 25.4%.

In the past year, the development of China’s foreign trade showed a trend of overall stability, stability and quality improvement Specifically, there are six characteristics:

First, the scale of import and export is rising quarter by quarter. The import and export value in the first quarter of 2019 was 7.03 trillion yuan, 7.68 trillion yuan in the second quarter, 8.26 trillion yuan in the third quarter and 8.59 trillion yuan in the fourth quarter. In December, it reached 3.01 trillion yuan, and the year-on-year growth rate in December reached double digits, which was 12.7%. Among them, exports were 1.67 trillion yuan, an increase of 9%; Imports reached 1.34 trillion yuan, up by 17.7%. In December, the scale of foreign trade import and export, export and import all reached a monthly historical peak.

Second, the ranking of major trading partners has changed, and ASEAN has become China’s second largest trading partner. In 2019, the largest trading partner was still the European Union, with an import and export of 4.86 trillion yuan to the EU, an increase of 8%; Import and export to ASEAN was 4.43 trillion yuan, an increase of 14.1%; Imports and exports to the United States were 3.73 trillion yuan, down 10.7%; The fourth largest trading partner is Japan, with imports and exports to Japan reaching 2.17 trillion yuan, up 0.4%. In addition, China’s import and export to countries along the "Belt and Road" was 9.27 trillion yuan, up 10.8%, 7.4 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate.

Third, private enterprises surpassed foreign-invested enterprises for the first time and became the largest foreign trade subject in China. In 2019, the import and export of private enterprises was 13.48 trillion yuan, up 11.4%, accounting for 42.7% of China’s total foreign trade, up 3.1 percentage points from 2018. Among them, exports were 8.9 trillion yuan, an increase of 13%; Imports reached 4.58 trillion yuan, up by 8.4%. The import and export of foreign-invested enterprises reached 12.57 trillion yuan, accounting for 39.9% of China’s total foreign trade. The import and export of state-owned enterprises was 5.32 trillion yuan, accounting for 16.9%.

Fourth, the structure of trade mode has been further optimized, and the proportion of import and export of general trade has increased. In 2019, China’s general trade import and export was 18.61 trillion yuan, up 5.6%, accounting for 59% of China’s total foreign trade, up 1.2 percentage points from 2018. Among them, exports were 9.95 trillion yuan, an increase of 7.8%; Imports reached 8.66 trillion yuan, up by 3.1%. The import and export of processing trade was 7.95 trillion yuan, down 5.1%, accounting for 25.2%.

Fifth, the export commodities are mainly mechanical and electrical products and labor-intensive products, and the proportion of mechanical and electrical products is close to 60%. Last year, China exported 10.06 trillion yuan of mechanical and electrical products, up 4.4%, accounting for 58.4% of the total export value. Among them, the export of electrical and electronic products was 4.63 trillion yuan, an increase of 5.4%; Mechanical equipment was 2.87 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.4%. In the same period, seven categories of labor-intensive products, such as textiles and clothing, exported 3.31 trillion yuan, up 6.1%.

Sixth, the import of iron ore, crude oil, natural gas, soybeans and other bulk commodities increased. In 2019, China imported 1.069 billion tons of iron ore, an increase of 0.5%; Imported crude oil was 506 million tons, up by 9.5%; Imported natural gas was 96.56 million tons, an increase of 6.9%; Imported soybeans reached 88.51 million tons, up by 0.5%. In addition, the import of meat products grew rapidly, with 2.108 million tons of pork imported in the whole year, an increase of 75%; Imported beef was 1.659 million tons, an increase of 59.7%.

This is the main feature of China’s foreign trade in 2019.

In recent years, the Customs has conscientiously implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, greatly reduced the overall customs clearance time, continuously deepened the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, and continuously optimized the port business environment. In 2019, the overall customs clearance time of China’s imports and exports was reduced by 42.3% and 42.4% respectively compared with 2018, and the time was 41.4 hours and 4 hours. This time is greatly reduced compared with 2018.

On the whole, China’s foreign trade import and export achieved a steady increase in quantity and a steady improvement in quality last year, with the risk challenges at home and abroad rising obviously. At present, the world economic growth continues to slow down and uncertainties are increasing. Under the guidance of the Supreme Leader Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, the Customs will fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second, Third and Fourth Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress and the spirit of the Central Economic Work Conference, adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, take the supply-side structural reform as the main line, implement the requirements of "six stabilities" such as stabilizing foreign trade and foreign investment, and continuously optimize the port business environment. Promote a higher level of opening to the outside world, promote the steady growth and high-quality development of foreign trade, better serve the overall economic and social development of the country, and contribute to the establishment of a well-off society in an all-round way.

Thank you all.

Shouxiaoli

Let’s enter the question session. Please inform your news organization before asking questions.

Reporter from CCTV News Center of Central Radio and Television General Station:

The latest data just released shows that the total value of foreign trade import and export in 2019 increased by 3.4% year-on-year. What do you think is the main reason for the contrarian growth of China’s foreign trade? In addition, in the face of the complicated and severe economic environment at home and abroad, what kind of judgment do you have on China’s foreign trade trend in 2020? Thank you.

Zou Zhiwu

Thank you for your question. In 2019, the external environment of China’s foreign trade development was indeed complicated and severe, the world economic growth continued to slow down, and the risk challenges at home and abroad increased significantly. However, under such circumstances, China’s foreign trade still maintains a steady growth, and it is in a steady development trend of improving quality. Now that the domestic figures have come out, some international figures need to be looked at again. From our preliminary analysis, China is still expected to maintain its position as the world’s largest country in goods trade in 2019. Just now, we said that our import and export increased by 3.4%, which was denominated in RMB, and the total value in US dollars decreased slightly, but our exports still showed a positive growth of 0.5%. According to the latest data of the first ten months of WTO, China’s exports are the best among the top ten trading countries in the world.

When it comes to reasons, I think there are mainly the following three aspects:

First, the domestic economy is stable. The basic trend of China’s economic stability and long-term improvement has not changed. According to the data of the first 11 months, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 5.6% year-on-year, the total retail sales of social consumer goods increased by 8% year-on-year, and the investment in fixed assets increased by 5.2% year-on-year. The annual GDP will still maintain rapid growth, and the growth rate is obviously ahead of other major economies in the world. We have the strong leadership of the Party, the remarkable advantages of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, the solid material and technical foundation accumulated since the reform and opening up, the super-large-scale market advantage and domestic demand potential, and the stable performance of the domestic economy has laid a solid foundation for the growth of foreign trade. I think this is the main reason.

Second, China’s overall economic resilience is relatively strong, which is also reflected in the field of foreign trade. China’s economy has strong resilience, potential and room for maneuver, and this resilience is equally available in the field of foreign trade. We are the largest manufacturing country in the world and have a complete industrial system. Our output of more than 220 kinds of industrial products ranks first in the world, and domestic industries provide strong support for the development of foreign trade. We have a large number of foreign trade enterprises. Last year, there were 499,000 foreign trade enterprises with actual import and export activities. In particular, private enterprises with more flexible production and operation have released stronger vitality for foreign trade development. Just now, we also said that one of the characteristics of foreign trade in 2019 is that private enterprises surpassed foreign-funded enterprises for the first time to become the largest foreign trade subject, of which exports accounted for more than 50%. At the same time, our trading partners are all over the world, and more flowers are blooming. In 2019, while our major trading partners such as the European Union and ASEAN grew, our imports and exports to countries along the Belt and Road, as well as emerging economic markets such as Africa and Latin America increased by 10.8%, 6.8% and 8% respectively.

The third is the sustained release of the effect of stabilizing foreign trade policies. Since 2018, China has introduced a series of policies and measures to stabilize foreign trade and foreign investment, and introduced unprecedented tax reduction and fee reduction policies, effectively reducing the burden on enterprises. After the introduction of these policies, they have been effective one after another, including raising the export tax rebate rate of some products twice, independently reducing the import tariffs on consumer goods, canceling the import tariffs on some drugs, etc., and the policy effects have been continuously released. For example, in 2019, the export value of commodities involving two increases in export tax rebates increased by 7.7%. The effect after tax reduction is also obvious. In 2019, the import of consumer goods and pharmaceuticals increased by 19% and 25.8% respectively. At the same time, China has comprehensively deepened the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, effectively stimulated the vitality of market players, continuously optimized the port business environment, and improved the level of cross-border trade facilitation. According to the report released by the World Bank, in 2019, the global ranking of China’s state-owned business environment cross-border trade indicators increased by 9 places on the basis of 32 places in 2018, and rose to the 56th place in the world. There is no specific customs clearance time and efficiency between EU countries, which are all zero, so it is ranked according to 28. If this is calculated according to an economy, our ranking will be greatly improved.

Regarding the foreign trade situation in 2020, I believe that the current world economic growth continues to slow down, and it is still in the period of deep adjustment after the international financial crisis. The global economic uncertainty and risk challenges have increased significantly, and the external environment facing foreign trade development is still severe and complicated. However, with the deepening of supply-side structural reform, the domestic "six stable" policies and measures have continued to take effect, the business environment has continued to improve, the vitality of market players has been continuously enhanced, the foreign trade structure has been continuously optimized, and the long-term trend of accelerating power conversion has not changed. It is expected that China’s foreign trade will continue to maintain a steady growth trend in 2020, and high-quality development will reach a new level. Thank you.

Guangming Daily reporter

Just now, we noticed that China’s foreign trade import and export increased significantly in December 2019, with a year-on-year growth rate of double digits. We really want to know what the specific reason is. Thank you.

Zou Zhiwu

Thank you for your question. Please ask Director Huang to answer this question.

Huang Guohua, Deputy Director of Statistics and Analysis Department of General Administration of Customs. China Net Li Jiashe

Huang Guohua, Deputy Director of Statistics and Analysis Department of General Administration of Customs:

Thank you for your question. In December 2019, China’s foreign trade import and export reached double-digit growth, and both foreign trade exports and imports reached historical monthly highs. Our analysis mainly has the following reasons:

First, since November 2019, China’s manufacturing PMI has expanded for two consecutive months, driving the import of some raw materials and energy products to increase. For example, in December, the import volume of iron ore, copper ore and refined oil increased by 17.2%, 31.9% and 10% respectively, pushing up the import scale.

Second, the average import price of some commodities has risen due to the rising international market prices. For example, the average import price of iron ore increased by 18% in December, which promoted the overall import growth by 1.5 percentage points when the import volume increased by 17.2%.

Third, the Sino-US economic and trade consultation has released a positive signal, and corporate confidence has increased. In December, the export of toys, plastic products and furniture increased by 26.1%, 22.7% and 14.2% respectively. The General Administration of Customs conducts an online questionnaire survey of 3,000 foreign trade enterprises every month. The survey data in November and December show that the number of enterprises that are optimistic about the export situation in the next two to three months is increasing, and the number increased in December reached the highest value since the second half of 2018.

In addition, there is another reason. In December 2018, China’s import and export declined by 1.4%. In other words, the year-on-year base in December 2018 is relatively low, and the foreign trade in December 2019 has the nature of recovery growth.

Thank you.

Bloomberg News reporter:

I have two questions. The first question, you just mentioned that if the total foreign trade volume last year was denominated in US dollars, it was relatively slightly lower, which was different from that in RMB. What I want to ask is, what is the US dollar exchange rate used in calculating the total foreign trade in 2019? Second, with the signing of the first-stage economic and trade agreement between China and the United States, China has also agreed to further expand its imports from the United States. Can this be achieved without affecting imports from other countries and regions? Will China reduce imports from other regions to expand its imports to the United States, or can it achieve these two goals while expanding the total foreign trade?

Zou Zhiwu:

Thank you for your two questions. The first question about pricing, I’d like to ask Secretary Huang to answer it. I’ll answer the second question.

Huang Guohua:

Thank you. China Customs’ foreign trade statistics are based on international rules and local currency, and our statistics and release are based on RMB. At the same time, for international comparison, we also count the import and export data of US dollar value.

You mentioned the exchange rate just now. What exchange rate is used? We declare each ticket in the import and export declaration form, regardless of the currency. We calculate the RMB value and the US dollar value of this ticket of imported or exported goods at the same time according to the conversion exchange rate published by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange every month, instead of using an average exchange rate for conversion in the last year.

Zou Zhiwu:

Just now, Director Huang also said that this statistical method is the practice of international trade statistics, and all countries adopt this method, that is, trade statistics are measured in their own currencies. As you said just now, with the signing of the economic and trade agreement in the first stage of Sino-US trade consultation, this is the case with Sino-US trade and China’s imports from other countries. According to the overall data of the whole year, the trade between China and the United States declined last year, which was already mentioned in my introduction earlier.

Since November and December last year, imports from the United States have resumed growth, especially in December, when imports reached 78.83 billion yuan, an increase of 9.1%, including agricultural products imports of 14.1 billion yuan, a two-fold increase; 23,000 cars were imported, an increase of 1.5 times. On December 6th, last year, the State Council Customs Tariff Commission, based on the application of relevant enterprises, carried out the work of excluding soybeans, pork and other goods purchased from the United States, and took measures such as not imposing counter-tariffs on the excluded goods. In the month of December, imports of American soybeans and pork all increased significantly.

The Sino-US trade friction you mentioned just now has really put pressure on China’s foreign trade and foreign trade enterprises with the United States as the main market. Although our exports to the United States have declined, enterprises have achieved remarkable results in exploring diversified markets. The export growth to non-American markets has increased, and the overall export has maintained growth. We believe that with the upcoming signing of the first-stage economic and trade agreement between China and the United States, it will be of great positive significance not only to China, the United States, but also to the whole world, regardless of trade or future economic expectations. If we expand our imports from the United States after signing the first agreement, will it affect the exports of other countries and markets to China? I’m sure not. Because China has a huge market, our trade is diversified. I believe that with the joint efforts of China and the United States, Sino-US economic and trade relations will make new progress on the basis of mutual benefit and win-win, which is beneficial not only to China and the United States, but also to the trade and economic development of all countries in the world. Thank you.

Guoguang reporter from Central Radio and Television General Station:

I would like to ask you to introduce the latest situation of foreign trade import and export in China and countries along the Belt and Road. In addition, what are the highlights of the customs work? How will the "three-intelligence cooperation" of "smart customs, smart borders and smart connectivity" serve the construction of the "Belt and Road"? Thank you.

Zou Zhiwu

Thank you for your question. First of all, I will answer your question about our foreign trade import and export with countries along the Belt and Road.

Since the "One Belt, One Road" initiative was put forward, the trade scale between China and countries along the "Belt and Road" has continued to expand. From 2014 to 2019, the total trade value exceeded 44 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 6.1%. China has become the largest trading partner of 25 countries along the route. Last year, the total import and export value between China and countries along the Belt and Road was 9.27 trillion yuan, up by 10.8%, which was 7.4 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate of foreign trade, accounting for nearly 30% of the total import and export value, and the proportion of the total import and export value was 2 percentage points higher than that in 2018. It can be seen that our trade with countries along the Belt and Road has shown a very good momentum of development.

The General Administration of Customs has earnestly implemented and promoted the cooperation between customs and relevant regulatory authorities in countries along the Belt and Road, including our cooperation with customs inspection and quarantine in countries along the route to promote trade facilitation and safeguard national security. Last year, we signed 198 cooperation documents on customs inspection and quarantine, involving 89 countries along the Belt and Road. As of last year, China Customs has signed AEO mutual recognition arrangements with 42 countries (regions) in 15 economies, and the number of countries (regions) with mutual recognition ranks first in the world, including 18 countries along the Belt and Road, expanding the "single window" function and application scenarios of international trade, systematically connecting with 25 ministries and commissions, sharing data, and providing nearly 600 enterprise services in 16 categories, including goods declaration and tax payment. With Kazakhstan, Vietnam, Mongolia and other countries, seven "green channels" for rapid customs clearance of agricultural and sideline products at border ports have been opened one after another, promoting the "Belt and Road" China-Europe postal train, and jointly carrying out vector monitoring with countries bordering the "Belt and Road" to jointly promote the construction of a healthy "Silk Road".

Just now, you also mentioned the "three intelligences", namely "smart customs, smart borders and smart connectivity". This was put forward by Mr. Ni Yuefeng, Director of the General Administration of Customs, during the "Belt and Road" international cooperation summit forum last year. The "Three Intelligences" with intelligent construction as the core is a brand-new concept of cooperation between national customs, as a pragmatic measure for the high-quality development of the "Belt and Road" cooperation of customs services. With the release of the "Three Intellectuals" white paper "Initiative to jointly promote the construction and cooperation of" Smart Customs, Smart Border and Smart Access ",China Customs will deepen its cooperation with foreign countries, build a" Belt and Road "customs information exchange and sharing platform with more countries, speed up the construction and docking of" single window "in international trade, and promote the" Three Intelligences "cooperation along the Belt and Road. Thank you.

Phoenix TV reporter

We are concerned that in this data, private enterprises have become the largest foreign trade subject in China. Specifically, what are the characteristics of private enterprises in import and export in 2019? What new measures does the General Administration of Customs have to support the import and export of private enterprises? Thank you.

Zou Zhiwu

Thank you for your question. Just now, in 2019, private enterprises became the largest subject of China’s foreign trade. We believe that there are mainly several aspects in terms of highlights or characteristics:

First, the vitality of private enterprises has improved. In 2019, the number of private enterprises with import and export performance reached 406,000, an increase of 8.7% over the previous year. At present, the significant increase in the number of private enterprises reflects the continuous optimization of the domestic business environment and is an important manifestation of the endogenous motivation and development vitality of China’s foreign trade. In 2019, the import and export of private enterprises increased by 11.4%, driving the growth of foreign trade by 4.5 percentage points.

Second, private enterprises in the central and western regions developed rapidly. With the help of the "Belt and Road Initiative" and the comparative advantages of regional comprehensive costs, the import and export of private enterprises grew faster in the central and western regions. In 2019, the import and export growth rate of private enterprises in the central and western regions reached 28.3% and 22.4% respectively, which was 19.5 percentage points and 13.6 percentage points higher than that in the eastern region. In 2019, the top four provinces in terms of import and export growth of private enterprises were all located in the central and western regions, namely Tibet, Hunan, Guangxi and Anhui.

Third, the efforts of private enterprises to explore emerging markets have been continuously enhanced. In 2019, the export of private enterprises to all major markets showed a growth trend. While maintaining their traditional market advantages, their exports to emerging markets such as ASEAN, Latin America and Africa increased by 25.6%, 11.4% and 15.6% respectively, which were also higher than the national export growth rate to these three markets.

The Customs has conscientiously implemented the central decision-making arrangements and strived to create a better development environment for private enterprises. For example, we have introduced many measures that are beneficial to private enterprises, because small and micro enterprises account for a relatively high proportion of private enterprises, and they are under certain pressure in terms of capital turnover, tax payment and financing. In view of this situation, we have introduced the reform of tariff guarantee insurance, and introduced the commercial insurance mechanism to the payment of taxes. Private enterprises have benefited the most from this reform and participated the most. This reform makes it clear that enterprises with general credit rating and above can use tariff guarantee insurance to guarantee their customs clearance and tax payment. This can reduce the financing cost of enterprises, because it is guaranteed, customs clearance procedures can be completed in time, and customs clearance efficiency is greatly improved. For another example, the Customs has implemented the central government’s decision to reduce taxes and fees. At present, it has completely abolished administrative fees, set up a fee publicity column on the portal website according to regulations, and publicized it on the Internet, urging all units to implement the fee publicity work, so as to achieve "no publicity, no fees" and effectively reduce the tax burden of private enterprises.

In the next step, we will continue to implement the spirit of the Central Economic Work Conference and a series of work arrangements made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to support the development of private enterprises. We are also prepared to study and introduce specific measures specifically aimed at the concerns of private foreign trade enterprises, study more specific, targeted and beneficial support measures for enterprises, do our best to do a good job in customs supervision and service, and further optimize the business environment of private enterprises. Thank you.

Indian Broadcasting Corporation reporter

I have two questions. First, can you introduce the data of bilateral trade between China and India in 2019? Second, what measures will China take to reduce the Indian trade deficit with China?

Zou Zhiwu

Thank you for your question. Please ask Director Huang to answer this question.

Huang Guohua

According to our statistics, the total trade volume between China and India in 2019 was 639.52 billion yuan, up 1.6% year-on-year, of which China exported 515.63 billion yuan to India, up 2.1%, and imported 123.89 billion yuan from India, down 0.2%, with a trade surplus of 391.74 billion yuan. China and India are both important emerging economies. Strengthening exchanges and cooperation is of great significance to both countries and will also promote global progress and prosperity.

Last October, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader was invited to India to attend the second informal meeting between Chinese and Indian leaders, which strengthened the deep communication between China and India and promoted mutually beneficial cooperation in various fields. At present, China’s export products have a strong competitive advantage in the Indian market. At the same time, we also welcome more Indian quality products to enter the big market in China. We believe that deepening economic and trade cooperation between the two countries will help promote the healthier, stable and balanced development of Sino-Indian trade. Thank you.

China news service reporter

We have noticed that China recently issued the Guiding Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting High-quality Trade Development. Excuse me, what new progress has China’s foreign trade made in high-quality development in 2019? Thank you.

Zou Zhiwu

Thank you for your question. Last year, China’s foreign trade developed with high quality, and the trend of improving quality was obvious. I think it is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

First, the structure of trade mode has been continuously optimized. In 2019, the import and export of general trade with longer industrial chain, higher added value and better reflecting the independent development ability of enterprises increased by 5.6%, accounting for 59% of China’s foreign trade import and export, which was 1.2 percentage points higher than that in 2018.

Second, the new kinetic energy of trade has been significantly enhanced. Last year, China’s new foreign trade formats such as cross-border e-commerce continued to develop vigorously, with the import and export through the customs cross-border e-commerce management platform reaching 186.21 billion yuan, an increase of 38.3%. The import and export of market procurement was 562.95 billion yuan, an increase of 19.7%. Together, they contribute nearly 14% to the overall foreign trade growth.

Third, the trade market is more diversified. While continuing to deepen the traditional export market, our enterprise continues to explore emerging markets with remarkable results. Just now we talked about the "Belt and Road". In 2019, the proportion of China’s exports to countries along the "Belt and Road" and Latin American countries increased, which is an obvious result in opening up new markets.

Fourth, the international competitive advantage has been significantly improved. In 2019, China’s export commodity price index rose by 2.8%, the import commodity price index rose by 1.4%, and the terms of trade index was 101.4, indicating that we can export as many commodities in exchange for more commodities. From this perspective, our competitive advantage has been further improved. According to the latest data of WTO, from January to September 2019, the global market share of China’s electromechanical products and labor-intensive products increased by 0.2 and 0.9 percentage points respectively. At the same time, the export of some products with high added value maintained a good growth trend. For example, last year, China’s exports of integrated circuits increased by 25.3%, exports of semiconductor devices increased by 26.3%, exports of solar cells increased by 47.5%, and metal processing machine tools increased by nearly 15%. The effect of export brand building is also remarkable. Last year, the export of self-owned brand goods was 2.9 trillion yuan, up by 12%, accounting for nearly 17% of the total export value, which was also 1.1 percentage points higher than that in 2018.

Fifth, the import of consumer products for people’s livelihood grew rapidly. Last year, we successfully held the second China International Import Expo(CIIE), lowered the VAT rate on import links, abolished some import tariffs on drugs, and actively expanded the import of consumer goods, enriching the domestic supply of goods and better meeting the people’s growing needs for a better life. In 2019, China’s imports of consumer goods increased by 19%, including imports of fruits, cosmetics and aquatic products, which increased significantly, reaching 39.8%, 38.8% and 37.6%. The import of electric manned vehicles has increased by 1.2 times, and the import of vaccines for human use has increased by nearly 90%, which shows that our huge consumer market has played a very important role in promoting the import growth of consumer goods. Thank you.

American international market news agency reporter

This morning, the United States revoked China’s designation as a currency manipulator. Excuse me, what impact will this incident have on China’s exports this year? Could you tell us in detail what the export situation will be like this year? Thank you.

Zou Zhiwu

On this issue, I want to say a simple sentence: correct choice and positive significance.

As for export, with the signing of the first phase agreement between China and the United States, I believe it will have a positive impact on the trade between the two countries and even the world trade, which is good news. Thank you.

Indian Press Trust reporter

I have two questions. First, from your introduction just now, it was said that the bilateral trade between China and India increased by 1.6% compared with the previous year, but in fact, at the beginning of last year, there was a general expectation that Sino-Indian trade would exceed the $100 billion mark in 2019. What caused the final figure of bilateral trade between China and India to be lower than expected? Second, can you tell us the data of India’s exports to China, such as the number of Indian medicine exports to China?

Zou Zhiwu

Thank you for your question. On the issue of bilateral trade between China and India, Director Huang has given a general answer. Some specific questions you asked, especially those about specific products, can be communicated with you later. Thank you.

Shouxiaoli

Last two questions.

Economic Daily reporter

Just now Director Zou mentioned that China’s foreign trade is still facing severe internal and external challenges. In the next step, from what aspects will the customs promote the steady growth and development of foreign trade? Thank you.

Zou Zhiwu

Thank you for your question. In recent years, the national customs has resolutely implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee on promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and introduced a series of reform measures to continuously optimize the business environment at ports and promote the stability and quality improvement of foreign trade. Let me first introduce the main work we have done:

First, we will continue to deepen the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform. Cancel 92 of the 116 certificates in the customs clearance process, further streamline the administrative examination and approval items, and realize the full coverage of the pilot project of "separation of licenses" for business licenses related to enterprises. At the same time, we have further simplified the import and export supervision documents, and the number of supervision documents verified at the port has been reduced from 86 to 44. Except for a few cases involving security and confidentiality, all of them have implemented online verification, thus eliminating the need for enterprises to go through relevant cumbersome procedures with paper certificates. At the same time, we have reduced the statutory inspection catalogue, and implemented the first release and then inspection of imported bulk resource commodities, which greatly reduced the time for enterprises to detain goods in Hong Kong, and put them on the arrival of the goods, and then conduct random inspection afterwards. We have further deepened "double randomness and one openness", and all matters that can be made public have been made public. Now, we have made public 29 items randomly selected by administrative inspections.

Second, with the entry of inspection and quarantine functions and teams into the customs, we will have a chemical reaction in accordance with the requirements of the central authorities, especially the reform proposed by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader. We have combined the original requirements, documents, certificates, items to be filled in and the original items to be declared, and now we have reduced the original 200 items to 105 items. At the same time, we have implemented five innovations in accordance with the practices of some advanced countries, such as the "two-step declaration" reform now. After the goods arrive, we only need to make a summary declaration based on logistics-related information, and only fill in nine items to go through customs clearance procedures first. Within 14 days, enterprises can make a complete declaration after taking delivery of the goods, which greatly saves the time occupied by enterprises in customs declaration and also reduces the expenses brought by enterprises in the detention of goods in Hong Kong.

The third is to actively serve the regional development of the country. Fully support the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port and study the customs supervision plan. We have formulated customs supervision, statistical methods and support measures for Yangshan Special Comprehensive Insurance Zone, supported the construction of Lingang New Area in Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone, supported the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, formulated 26 customs support measures, and established a specialized integrated working mechanism for customs in the Yangtze River Delta region. We have conscientiously implemented the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area construction plan, established cooperation mechanisms between the mainland and Hong Kong, the mainland and Macao customs and other port supervision departments, and introduced special measures.

The fourth is to promote the high-quality development of the comprehensive bonded zone. We conscientiously implemented the Opinions of the State Council on Promoting High-level Opening and High-quality Development of Comprehensive Insurance Zone, coordinated relevant departments to formulate more than 20 supporting measures and methods, and promoted the implementation of relevant measures as soon as possible. Last year, the total value of first-line import and export of enterprises in the national comprehensive insurance zone reached 2.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 13%, and the growth rate of import and export of enterprises in the comprehensive insurance zone was also 9.7 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate of the country. In the first line of the comprehensive insurance zone, there are more than 2,500 enterprises with import and export performance, with a year-on-year increase of 25.3%.

The fifth is to innovate the supervision system and promote the development of new formats. We actively adapt to the development of emerging formats, such as the foreign trade integrated service platform, and the market procurement just mentioned, especially for the needs of cross-border e-commerce development. Recently, we have just formulated and implemented a method for cross-border e-commerce return, smoothing the export return channels of cross-border e-commerce, and making cross-border e-commerce products go out and return. At present, it has been piloted in more than a dozen customs, and will soon be pushed across the country.

Sixth, support small and medium-sized enterprises. When I talked about private enterprises just now, I have already introduced this work.

In the new year, according to the requirements of the central authorities and the specific deployment of "six stabilities", we will also introduce measures. One is to further refine and implement the reform measures that have been introduced, and the other is to study and formulate more targeted reform plans according to the actual needs of enterprises. Generally speaking, it is necessary to fulfill the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" requirements, truly carry out the customs reform, especially the deep integration reform after the inspection and quarantine are integrated into the customs, truly follow the requirements of generating chemical reactions, and promote the customs management according to the goal of optimization, coordination and efficiency. Thank you.

Xinhua news agency reporter

I want to ask a question about the upcoming visit to Myanmar by the Chairman of the Supreme Leader. Please tell us about the trade situation between China and Myanmar in 2019 and what arrangements will China and Myanmar have in foreign trade this year? In addition, just now you mentioned that the private economy has become the largest foreign trade subject, especially the private enterprises in the central and western regions are very dynamic, but the data doesn’t seem to mention the foreign trade performance of the eastern, central and western regions, including the northeast in 2019. Can you briefly introduce it? Thank you.

Zou Zhiwu

The situation of China-Myanmar trade will be introduced by Director Huang later. Generally speaking, the development of China-Myanmar trade is wide-ranging and carried out in many aspects, and the progress is very good. I will give you a specific data about the situation of private enterprises in eastern and western regions after the meeting. Thank you.

Huang Guohua

Let me introduce the bilateral trade between China and Myanmar. Last year, the import and export of China and Myanmar was 128.91 billion yuan, up by 28.5% year-on-year, the export was 84.9 billion yuan, up by 22.1%, and the import was 44.01 billion yuan, up by 42.8%. As friendly neighbors, China and Myanmar have a high degree of political mutual trust, deep economic cooperation and close cooperation on international and regional issues. Since the establishment of diplomatic ties 70 years ago, China-Myanmar relations have been developing on the basis of mutual respect, mutual trust and mutual assistance, setting a good example for countries big and small to live in harmony and win-win cooperation. President Supreme Leader’s visit will deepen China-Myanmar interconnection and cooperation. The two sides will deepen high-quality cooperation in building the "Belt and Road" and promote the positive progress of major projects in the three-terminal support and interconnection of the China-Myanmar Economic Corridor for the benefit of the two countries and their peoples. Thank you.

Shouxiaoli

Thank you two publishers, thank you journalists. That’s all for today’s press conference.

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The Hebei Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection reported seven typical problems of illegal handling of weddings, funerals and celebrations.

  CCTV News:According to the website of CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, a few days ago, the Hebei Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection reported seven typical problems of illegal handling of weddings, funerals and celebrations recently, namely:

  Wang Shengqi, deputy director of Baoding Municipal Market Supervision Administration, illegally handled the issue of his daughter’s wedding banquet.In April and May of 2016, Wang Shengqi held a wedding banquet for his daughter twice, and illegally accepted the gifts from his subordinates. After the wedding, he did not report the actual situation of the wedding banquet in writing as required. Wang Shengqi was severely punished by the party.

  He Huifeng, deputy director of the Yuhua District Party Committee Office in Shijiazhuang City, made a big fuss about the wedding banquet.From January to March 2016, He Huifeng did not handle matters related to personal marriage according to the contents declared to the organization, but hosted more than 310 people and 33 tables in three batches, which caused adverse effects. He huifeng was punished by warnings within the party.

  Hou Haichen, member of the party group and deputy director of the Civil Affairs Bureau of Qiaodong District, Xingtai City, illegally handled his son’s wedding.In January 2017, Hou Haichen held a wedding banquet for his son in two batches, with a total of 24 tables and more than 240 people. On the wedding day, he used 13 wedding vehicles and illegally accepted gifts from his subordinates. Hou Haichen was warned by the party.

  Zhang Guanhua, a judge of the Xinhua District Court Union Court in Shijiazhuang, held a son’s birthday banquet in violation of regulations.In June 2016, Zhang Guanhua held a birthday banquet for his son in violation of regulations and received a gift. Zhang Guanhua was punished by warnings within the party.

  Yu Guifang, secretary of the Party branch of Huzhuang Village, Daodi Town, lunan district City, Tangshan City, held a wedding banquet for his son.In October 2016, Yu Guifang hosted 58 wedding tables for his son in the multifunctional hall of Huzhuang Village, Daodi Town. Yu Guifang was punished by warnings within the party.

  Liu Fengjun, vice president of No.1 Middle School in Luanping County, Chengde City, illegally arranged his son’s wedding banquet.In October, 2016, Liu Fengjun illegally invited and received gifts from school staff before and after her son’s wedding. Liu Fengjun was warned by the party.

  Zhang Xilei, vice chairman of the People’s Congress of Wharf Town, Fucheng County, Hengshui City, illegally handled funeral matters.In February 2017, Zhang Xilei’s wife’s grandfather died, and Zhang Xilei informed 27 village cadres and 5 township workers under his jurisdiction to attend the funeral and receive gifts. Zhang Xilei was punished by warnings within the party.

  The circular stressed that the illegal handling of weddings, funerals and celebrations seriously violated the spirit of the eight central regulations. Party member cadres at all levels should draw profound lessons from the typical problems reported, conscientiously abide by the relevant provisions on handling weddings, funerals and celebrations, strengthen self-discipline and take the lead in changing customs. Party committees (party groups) at all levels should take the initiative to take responsibility, earnestly strengthen the supervision and management of cadres’ handling of weddings, funerals and celebrations, strengthen publicity and education, and guide party member cadres to handle weddings, funerals and celebrations in strict accordance with regulations. The main leaders of party committees (party groups) should not only put forward requirements for team members and subordinates in advance, but also strengthen the supervision after the event, take the initiative to ask about the handling of relevant matters, listen to the masses’ comments extensively, and timely discover and stop violations. Discipline inspection and supervision organs at all levels should seize key nodes, "keep their eyes open" and "stretch their ears", keep a close eye on important nodes, key people and key things, and intensify unannounced visits, supervision and inspection, and discipline review. We should have "zero tolerance" for those who illegally handle weddings, funerals and celebrations, pursue luxury, do big things, take the opportunity to collect money, extravagance and waste, and engage in feudal superstitious activities. We should find out, investigate and report together, resolutely stop the bad atmosphere of illegally handling weddings, funerals and celebrations, and lead the people’s social style with excellent party style and political style.

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The explosion of the Internet is difficult to reproduce. Why is the box office of Xing ‘anling Hunter 2 only a fraction of the previous one?

Wen | Zero One

The Legend of Hunter in Xing ‘an Mountains in 2021 is a symbolic explosion in the development of online movies, and it still ranks first in the box office of online movies in the past three years with a box office score of 44.49 million yuan, which has led to the all-round rise of the sub-category of "folk horror".

After the Legend of Hunters in Xing ‘an Mountains earned a lot of money, in 2022 alone, many folk horror online movies with box office of 20 million and 30 million levels emerged, such as tales of mystery in Yin and Yang Town, Opening the Coffin, tales of mystery in Long Yun Town, Tomb of the Coffin Mountain and Fox Wife in the Mountain Village, which made the folk horror theme account for nearly 40% of the TOP20 online movie box office in 2022, which can be said to have greatly affected the network in the past two years.

On August 11th, 2023, the sequel to The Legend of Xing ‘an Mountain Hunter, Xing ‘an Mountain Hunter 2 Cycle Forest, was released on two major video platforms. Because the box office record set by the previous work is extremely high, many people thought that "Xing ‘anling Hunter 2" was at least a 30 million-level market leader and would become the "shoulder handle" of the summer online movie section.

However, the fact is far below this expectation: in 2021, the box office of The Legend of Xing ‘anling Hunter reached 5.574 million on the first day of its release, which exceeded 10 million in just two days and 30 million in seven days; However, the box office of Xing ‘anling Hunter 2 was only 382,000 on the first day, and the cumulative box office was only 3.71 million six days after its launch, which was less than the fraction of the previous 44.49 million.

If the quality of the film is very poor, or if the production team sells dog meat, such a box office gap may still make sense, but the fact is that the douban score of Xing’ anling Hunter 2 at present is exactly the same as that of the previous film, which is not bad in the same type of online movies, while the main creative lineups such as director Liu Xuandi, screenwriter Cui Zouzhao and starring Shang Tielong are all consistent with the first film, and basically moved to the previous team, even the story-telling mode and.

Since the conditions are similar, why don’t the audience buy it?

The huge gap between the box office of Xing ‘anling Hunter 2 and its predecessor can be found out from three aspects: content, schedule and marketing.

From the 40 million level to the 4 million level, the douban scores of the two films are the same. In terms of horizontal comparison, the content may not be the main reason for the box office failure. But combined with other factors, it is still the root of all changes.

The general idea of Xing ‘anling Hunter 2 can be described in one word: hold on.

Perhaps because The Legend of Hunters in Xing ‘an Mountains in 2021 greatly exceeded everyone’s expectations, the producers regarded it as a golden rule-like imitation object, and sought for a replica of the box office trend from the content side. This is at least a way that looks beautiful and can reassure investors from all walks of life. The first film is full of money-making effects, and the number of producers and co-producers of Xing ‘anling Hunter 2 has reached as many as 15, which is a very high number in online movies.

Hunter 2 in Xing ‘anling is not only the starring cast of the same director and screenwriter, but also a complete replica of the narrative mode of the first film: the opening begins with the folk horror stories related to fox spirits, even the lines of the old hunter are the same, and the plot also adopts a three-stage short story series.

In all fairness, Xing ‘anling Hunter 2 is not much worse than the first one in terms of story, performance and scene. It basically belongs to the same level, and even the plot design of the story is more mature. But from the perspective of perception, "Xing ‘anling Hunter 2" did not bring any fresh experience, but the market environment was quite different-

Because of the crowded folk theme and aesthetic fatigue, all the online movies of the same type are not satisfactory in 2023. As mentioned above, in 2022, the number of folk horror online movies exploded, and many of them reached more than 20 million at the box office. However, the number of folk horror online movies that have reached more than 20 million since 2023 is zero, and the highest is "The Return of the Paper Man" released in January, which has accumulated 18.7 million so far. In terms of production level, this "The Return of the Paper Man" even far exceeds most of its peers in 2022. Well-made people are still like this, and a lot of other works that follow the trend can only be reduced to cannon fodder.

Therefore, at the moment when the audience is already familiar with this theme mode, taking out a "replica work" instead of a "transcendence work" will definitely not be as good as the previous one. In 2021, the predecessor "Xing ‘anling Hunter" was a trend-setting work. There were not many well-made folk thrillers in online movies. Compared with "Xing ‘anling Hunter", there were a lot of shoddy zombie movies in early online movies.

According to media reports, at that time, one of the producers once shared the concept of topic selection: "We jumped out of the circle of online movies and went to see what kind of themes of cinema movies were not done by online movies, or did not make explosions. After tagging hundreds of cinema movies and online movies based on the logic of users’ consumption preferences, we found that the theme of folklore stories has not been discovered by many people. "

In 2023, the online movie market has experienced a rush of folk horror "theme looting". As mentioned above, there are dozens of folk horror online movies that reach more than 10 million, and many of them are not inferior to Xing ‘anling Hunter only in terms of content quality.

What’s more, the core selling point of the theme is "thriller", and Hunter 2 in Xing ‘anling is not as good as the atmosphere created by the previous work. The story of "opening for 6 minutes" used to attract the audience has few horror elements, which is difficult to meet the needs of the target group to watch. And all the three stories are reversed from the previous ones, in which the horror is the main part, supplemented by the preaching of good and evil, and the horror elements in the stories are greatly weakened, further reducing the visibility of the film.

It is beyond the scope of this article to discuss what considerations or factors have reduced the presentation of thriller elements.

As mentioned above, the content may not be the main reason for the box office failure of Xing ‘anling Hunter 2. Because even in 2023, there are folk horror films that follow the trend with far less quality than Xing ‘anling Hunter 2, which have earned more than 10 million box office, such as "Into the Coffin" in February and "Five Immortals in Northeast China" in April, both of which have earned 10 million+box office receipts.

Therefore, even considering the conservatism of the content before the remake, the sales of Xing ‘anling Hunter 2 should be at least a "small head" with a level of 20 million, and should not be reduced to a level of only over 3 million in six days.

Reading Entertainment Jun believes that an important reason is that the cinema market is too hot and the number of topics is too large since the summer file, which makes Xing ‘anling Hunter 2 dwarfed and in a much worse competitive environment than the first one in April 2021.

In April 2021, the monthly total box office of the cinema market was 2.497 billion, and the top three were My Sister and Godzilla vs Kong’s Detective Conan’s Scary Bullet. Since August, 2023, it has accumulated nearly 5 billion box office, and the top three are "Put all your eggs in one basket" and "Feng Shen" Meg 2, which is completely out of the order of magnitude in terms of box office and discussion. Since the second week of August, Dengta Data has shown that the single-day box office of online movies is almost only 2 million+,while the single-day box office can almost reach 4-5 million in the same period last year.

The total inclination of the hot topic on the Internet has led to a sharp increase in the difficulty for the online movie "Xing ‘anling Hunter 2" to gain attention in all channels, such as marketing promotion and video platform broadcasting. Although online movies and cinema movies don’t compete on the same level, from the perspective of users’ attention and users’ duration, there will be a trade-off relationship between them to some extent, which can be seen from some "masterpieces" of online movies in the last two months-before "Feng Shen", "Feng Shen: The extinction" which was launched on July 15 has accumulated 8 million.

From the marketing point of view, "Xing ‘anling Hunter 2" is not at the same level as its predecessor. In 2021, "Xing ‘anling Hunter" was released in Tomb-Sweeping Day, which was closely related to the theme. However, the short video marketing of online movies was still in the fresh stage, and the attention competition was far less difficult. Under such circumstances, the producers accurately packaged and promoted their own selling points, and started the short video marketing action more than ten days before the movie went online, and then gradually began to promote the hot search, talent and other sub-sectors, and even found a tiger tooth and a girl outside the station to promote it, which was also obvious from the media.

And in 2023, "Xing ‘anling Hunter 2", we can intuitively see the decrease of its marketing investment or effect:

In recent years, Weibo and short video entertainment marketing, the film and television sector has been occupied by two high-scoring ancient costumes, Lotus House and Sauvignon Blanc, while the film sector is full of such big traffic households as Lost Her, In an octagonal cage, Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an, Put all your eggs in one basket and Enthusiasm, surrounded by crowds, and Hunter 2 in Xing ‘anling has no fresh sales.

However, since July, it is not without a movie in the online movie market that has won attention. "Northeast Police Story 2", which was launched in the cloud cinema in a single-chip payment mode, has achieved a score of 15 million+in the on-demand period. Together with the initial membership period, it is likely to reach the level of more than 35 million in the end.

Perhaps it is the breakthrough of word of mouth, the scarcity of hardcore action types, or the flowering of realistic theme types on the network side … In any case, the future of online movies is always based on innovation, quality production and insight into the aesthetic upgrade of the public. The failure of Xing ‘anling Hunter 2 means that the mode of "living on one’s laurels" is likely to fail in the online movie industry.

As said at the beginning, the content may not seem to be the main reason for the box office failure, but in the final analysis, it must be the root of the difference, because invariability sometimes means the change of the result.

Original article, reprint should indicate the source.

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The article denies that her daughter’s name is "Wen Aima" and reveals that she is a good man who loves to do housework.


  On July 3, 2007, famous actors David, Ma Yili and Wen visited Nanjing Yangzi Evening News and exchanged views with netizens to promote the TV series Struggle that night in Jiangsu. China News Agency issued wujun yz photo



  On July 3, 2007, famous actors David, Ma Yili and Wen visited Nanjing Yangzi Evening News and exchanged views with netizens to promote the TV series Struggle that night in Jiangsu. China News Agency issued wujun yz photo


  The article, which has been deliberately low-key after marriage, appeared in Shanghai on December 3 to attend the press conference of the new drama "Dwelling House". In the face of the media, he once again showed the side of a happy family man, saying that he wanted to be with his wife Mai? Grow old together, and repeatedly denied her daughter’s name was Wen Aima, but refused to reveal her real name.


  In fact, in the TV series "Dwelling House", according to the role ranking, the article ranks behind actors such as Christina, Zhang Jiayi and Vivian Wu, but as soon as he appeared, he immediately became the focus of the audience. All the media gave up interviewing other masters and surrounded him, asking questions about his married life. Being a Shanghai son-in-law, the feeling of the article is "good", "the baby behaves well" and "being a father feels good" and so on.


  The article is lucky, because the play was filmed in Shanghai, he can work at home or come out to film, without delay. He exposed himself as a good man who loves to do housework. It’s true love, and I want to live with her forever.


  Because there is no heating, the article filming in Shanghai caught a cold. What worries him most is that he can’t go home to see the baby: "I dare not go home now, for fear of infecting my daughter. If I really can’t, I will wear a mask and go home. I miss her so much. "


  For the rumors from the outside world, the article and Mai? My daughter’s name is "Wen Aima", and the article once again denies it, and says that she does not want to disclose the child’s real name: "I really don’t want to disclose the child’s name, really, please understand!" When asked about the child’s nickname, the article said: "Removing the surname is the nickname."

Editor: Sun Jie

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Section 1 Planting

I. Food crops



paddy  Rice cultivation in China has a history of more than 8000 years. By the Ming Dynasty, rice varieties had been divided into indica, japonica, waxy and early, middle and late maturity. In the first year of the Republic of China, Pingjiang County Agricultural Association set up the first experimental farm to conduct experimental research on rice cultivation. In 30 ~ 32 years, Pingjiang, Huarong, Yueyang and other counties set up agricultural technology extension institutes to carry out improved rice breeding, expand indica rice and reduce glutinous rice and popularize ratooning rice cultivation techniques. In the past 33 years, Pingjiang County Agricultural Extension Institute has selected indica No.1 (Shengli indica) and 546 (Wanli indica) through variety comparison test. In 1949, the promotion area of improved rice varieties in China reached more than 1.4 million mu. In 1950s, in , around the reform of paddy field farming system from single cropping to double cropping, six comprehensive technical reforms were carried out, namely, changing inferior species into improved species, changing single maturity period into early, middle and late maturity, changing paddy field into wet paddy field, changing convenient sparse planting into reasonable close planting, changing deep irrigation into shallow irrigation, and changing winter soaking field into winter planting green manure, which promoted the first major reform of rice production. In 1959, the area of double-cropping rice in China reached 1.707 million mu, accounting for 34.57% of the total rice area in that year. 

In the 1960s, dwarf indica rice and late japonica rice varieties with high yield, fertilizer tolerance, lodging resistance and suitable growth period were introduced and selected. In 1962, varieties such as Nante, Tuankeli, Qingjinjin, Guanglu ‘ai No.4, Guangjie No.9, Nongken No.58 and Nonghu No.6 were introduced from Guangdong. In the same year, the Provincial Department of Agriculture planted late japonica rice in Xinhua Village, Xiangyin County (now Taolin Township, Miluo City) to obtain high yield. The following year, along the section from Fanjiayuan to Gaojiafang of Beijing-Guangzhou Railway (now Miluo City), 58 large-scale demonstration films of 30 kilometers of agricultural reclamation were held, and a technical brochure entitled "Harvest of 500 mu of double-cropping rice" was compiled and issued. In 1965, Yueyang Agriculture Bureau compiled the information of "High-yield Cultivation Techniques of Double Cropping Rice" and formed a technical report group to tour and teach in various counties. By 1966, 5.242 million mu of rice had been sown in China, with a grain yield of 1.125 million tons and a yield of 210 kilograms per mu, achieving the first leap in grain production. From 1967 to 1970, Chen Shengyu, a regional agricultural research institute, bred Yuenong No.2 and Radiant Agricultural Reclamation No.58 by means of hybridization and radiation breeding, and spread them to various places. These two achievements won the second and third prizes of regional scientific and technological achievements respectively. Yuenong No.2 also won the first prize of provincial high-quality rice and the Golden Cup prize of high-quality agricultural products of the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, and Radiation Farm 58 was recommended to be sent to the application exhibition room of Central Atomic Energy in agriculture for exhibition. By 1969, 4,321,400 mu of dwarf varieties and 2,115,600 mu of japonica rice had been popularized in China, accounting for 82.5% and 42.3% of the total planting area in that year respectively. 

In 1970s, scientific farming was popularized, and haploid breeding and large-scale hybrid seed production were started. In 1972, Fang Pingyi of Yueyang County Agricultural Institute took the lead in carrying out haploid breeding research in the province. After seven or eight years of experiments, he was bred to


77-2-1
A new 3-01 late indica rice line with early-maturing mutant single plant anther as donor flower culture won the second prize of scientific and technological progress in the city. His article "Breeding Good Rice Lines by Anther Culture (3-01)" was adopted by the Third International Conference on Plant Haploids and the First International Conference on Plant Somacytogenetics. In 1974, Jiang Xunping, a regional agricultural institute, used V.

20A
A new early hybrid rice combination was bred by crossing with Julia No.8, which was successful through seed production and trial planting. The provincial hybrid cooperation group named the combination Wei Youqing and won the first prize of regional scientific and technological achievements. In the same year, Qu Yuan farm Wang Zegao used V in Hainan Island.twentySiyou No.6 was successfully bred by crossing sterile line A with International Rice No.26, and then participated in the regional test of late rice in Yueyang area, with an average yield of 450 kg per mu, ranking first among 17 combinations. This variety and four other hybrid rice combinations were transferred to American Western Oil Company as the first agricultural technology in China. The direct broadcast experiments in California and other places in the United States have increased the yield by 165.5% ~ 180.3% compared with local varieties, and won the first prize of scientific and technological achievements in Yueyang area. In 1977, a large-scale technical training was conducted with the "Technical Opinions on Hybrid Rice Cultivation" compiled by the regional agricultural bureau as the teaching material. In that year, the planting area of hybrid rice grew to 1,582,400 mu. In 1981, in view of the disadvantages of poor resistance and long growth period of hybrid rice in the lake area, technical cooperation was organized to tackle key problems, and varieties were screened and combinations were optimized around high yield. With Weiyou 5, Weiyou 64, Nanyou 6 and Siyou 6 as the leading combinations, hybrid rice demonstration planting was carried out in six production teams in the lake area, with an yield of 382 kg per mu. In the same year, a set of high-yield experience suitable for planting hybrid rice in the lake area was summarized through the research on organizational adaptability technology in China. At the same time, the research on conventional rice selection and breeding and multiple cropping system has also made great progress, and a number of early and late rice varieties with short growth period, large panicle and disease resistance have been bred. Such as Yue ‘aizao No.1, Yue ‘zaoxian No.1 and Yue ‘wannuo No.1, etc., and successfully studied and popularized the techniques of raising seedlings with film mulching and heat preservation, raising seedlings in early rice greenhouse, transplanting small and medium-sized seedlings with soil, etc. 

In the 1980s, the research focused on the breeding of improved varieties with high quality, high yield and multi-resistance and the development technology of tons of grain fields. In 1982, Chen Shengyu discovered early-maturing and high-quality mutant plants from 80-410. After several generations of systematic breeding, Yuezaoxian No.2 (Xiangzaoxian No.5) was selected as an excellent variety, which was identified by the Provincial Science and Technology Commission and confirmed to be popularized in double-cropping rice areas in the province. This achievement won the first prize of municipal scientific and technological progress and the third prize of provincial scientific and technological progress. Based on the principle of system engineering, the Grain Crop Station of Pingjiang County Agricultural Bureau optimized the high-yield cultivation technology scheme of double-cropping rice, which achieved good results and won the third prize of municipal scientific and technological progress. In 1983, an experimental demonstration of double-cropping hybrid rice was carried out, with an yield of 950 kg per mu. The average yield of hybrid late rice in China is 368 kg per mu, which is the first time to achieve yield per unit area and total yield of super early rice. In 1984, the regional agricultural research institute began to cross IR56 with the indica-japonica intermediate E3-15.6332, and in the seventh generation, a high-quality late indica rice variety was bred, named Yuewanxian No.1, which was rated as the second-class high-quality rice variety in the province. At the same time, the breeding of japonica three lines, seed-saving cultivation, investigation of high-quality rice seeds, popularization of "double two majors" technology and utilization of paclobutrazol were carried out. With the adoption of excellent hybrid rice combinations and the maturity of cultivation techniques, the development of tons of grain fields is gradually spread out. 

In the 1990s, the efforts to promote agriculture through science and technology increased. While reforming the traditional farming methods, we will comprehensively promote the development of dry seedling raising, improved rice and tons of grain fields. In 1990, the area of over-ton grain fields in the city reached 405,000 mu, and the total grain output reached 2.65 million tons, achieving the third leap. One rice variety was rated as a national high-quality rice variety and eight as a provincial high-quality rice variety. In 1991, Yuewanxian No.3, which was bred by Chen Shengyu, chief agronomist of the Municipal Agriculture Bureau, was still purchased at a price of about 50 kilograms of 80 yuan under the weak market. The variety passed the municipal appraisal in 1994 and was awarded the provincial third-class high-quality rice in 1995. In 1996, the technique of dry-breeding and seedling throwing of early rice with floppy disk was first applied in the whole city, with an average yield of 372 kg per mu, 62.3 kg more than that of conventional cultivation mu, which completely changed the traditional working mode of transplanting rice with the loess facing the sky. In 1998, this project won the second prize of municipal scientific and technological progress. In the same period, the seed soaking technology of paclobutrazol and spraying technology of "full grain" were popularized, and the average yield per mu increased by 32 kg and 41 kg. In 1992, the project won the first prize of the provincial agricultural science and technology progress. Xiangwanxian No.3, a new late rice variety with high quality, researched by Jiang Xunping, a senior agronomist of the Municipal Academy of Agricultural Sciences, was successfully selected and won the second prize of provincial scientific and technological progress. Li Fuchun, a municipal agricultural school, conducted research on insect nematodes; Guangtezao, an extra-early indica rice breeding in Miluo Agricultural Technology Extension Center; and the technical development of double-cropping rice fields with over tons of grain per mu jointly undertaken by Xiangyin Agricultural Bureau and County Agricultural Technology Extension Center won the fourth prize of provincial scientific and technological progress and achievement promotion respectively. Extension of high-quality rice and hybrid riceThe promotion of "double and big" cultivation techniques won provincial and municipal awards respectively. 

Dry grain In 1950s, the production of dry grain was mainly to renew varieties and study supporting cultivation techniques. The varieties introduced and popularized successively include: sweet potato Shengli No.100, Nanruiping, Guangdong Baipi, wheat Nanda 2419, Zhongda 2505, Geely Wheat, and corn Golden Queen. 

In the 1960 s, the research on changing one cropping to two cropping was mainly carried out. The agricultural science and technology department summarizes the experience of dry farming in different places, and selects the supporting cultivation modes such as wheat sweet potato, wheat corn and soybean sweet potato. In terms of cultivation techniques, a number of research and popularization were carried out, such as broad bean topping, sweet potato hotbed seedling raising, density, sowing date, fertilization and so on, and the yield was increased. 

During the 1970s and 1980s, the research on changing double cropping into multiple cropping and cultivation techniques was mainly carried out, and the breeding of new varieties of dry grain was carried out. In 1971, the Agricultural Technology Station in Wengjiang District, Pingjiang County learned from the experience of double cropping in dry land in Cili County, and combined with the local conditions, carried out the experiment and demonstration of triple cropping in the form of sweet potato interplanting with corn and soybean, and formed the continuous cropping intercropping system of wheat-corn interplanting with sweet potato, broad bean-sweet potato intercropping with corn, potato-corn intercropping with sweet potato and wheat interplanting with peanut corn, which achieved good economic benefits. In 1974, the Provincial Crop Research Institute cooperated with Xiangyin, Hengnan County Agricultural Bureau and other units to breed a new sweet potato variety Xiangshu 7. The following year, the Provincial Crop Research Institute cooperated with the Grain and Oil Station of Linxiang Agricultural Bureau to select a new soybean variety Xiangchundou 10. During this period, the agricultural departments of prefectures and counties introduced single-cross, double-cross, mixed species of corn and original hybrid sorghum and Shanxi hybrid series of fine varieties; Popularize the technology of raising sweet potato seedlings in cow dung hotbed covered with plastic film and fire pit hotbed, and the cultivation method of burying sweet potato tips and laying eggs. Pingjiang county popularized the cultivation method of "double rows of cultivation and double rows of planting", and the cultivation method of 5,000 acres was double-shaped. Sweet potatoes were intercropped with one row of corn and soybean was interplanted at the edge of the field, which achieved good economic benefits. In 1985, the triple cropping area of dry soil in Wengjiang District of this county was 13,530 mu, accounting for 85% of the total area of dry soil, and the total output increased by more than 2,000 tons compared with that before the reform. In 1991, the new mung bean variety Zhonglv No.1 and its interplanting technology popularization, led by the Grain and Oil Station of the Municipal Agriculture Bureau and jointly participated by Huarong, Linxiang and Yueyang counties, won the fourth prize of provincial achievement popularization.

After the development experience of hilly corn in Miluo City was popularized in the whole city, in 1996, the planting area of the whole city was 273,800 mu, with a total output of 66,240 tons, which was the best level in history. After the catastrophic flood that year, the whole city transferred 83.5 tons of autumn seeds, with a planting area of 44,200 mu, mainly selling fresh sticks, with a net income of 400 ~ 800 yuan. 

Second, the cash crop 



oil seed rape During the 1950s and 1960s, cabbage was the main rape variety. In 1954, the cabbage-type Shengli rape was first introduced, and then seven-star sword, short shelf early, Chuanyou No.2 and Qinyou No.2 were introduced. In 1970s and 1980s, cabbage varieties were popularized. In terms of cultivation techniques, the sowing was changed to on-demand sowing, and the direct sowing was changed to seedling transplanting and rice, rice and oil triple cropping experiment. In 1976, Wang Ronghua, a regional agricultural institute, bred a new early-maturing cabbage variety 789-1 with Jingyao No.1 as the female parent and Xiuyou No.2 as the male parent, which was suitable for the triple cropping areas in northern and central Hunan, and won the second prize of the municipal science and technology progress award. In 1978, experiments were carried out on sowing date, transplanting date, planting density and fertilization of early, middle and late maturing varieties. In 1982, Li Youhua, Zheng Jiaomin, Cai Zhi of the Municipal Agriculture Bureau, Hou Qifang and Cao Fentian of Huarong County Agriculture Bureau successfully introduced Zhongyou 821, a cabbage-type, medium-maturing, disease-resistant and high-yield variety, from the Oil Crops Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and became the main rape variety in China for a while. This achievement won the second prize of the Municipal Science and Technology Progress Award and the fourth prize of the Provincial Science and Technology Progress Award. In 1983, the supporting technology of "strong winter seedlings and steady spring seedlings" was popularized. In 1987, the Municipal Grain and Oil Station took the lead in popularizing late-maturing, disease-resistant and high-yield hybrid rape Qinyou 2. In 1998, 270,000 mu was popularized and the yield per mu was 141 kg, which was 65.4% higher than that of conventional rape. As a result, Huarong, Pingjiang, Xiangyin, Linxiang and Yueyang were awarded by the State Council. This achievement won the first prize of municipal scientific and technological progress and the second prize of provincial agricultural department.Leading by the Grain and Oil Station of the Municipal Agriculture Bureau, the promotion of high-quality and high-yield rape cultivation techniques in Huarong County, Qianlianghu and Junshan Farm won the second prize of the Municipal Science and Technology Progress Award.

cotton In the 19th year of the Republic of China, a provincial cotton breeding farm was established in Zhuzikou, Huarong County to carry out variety selection and quality inspection and popularize cotton planting technology. In 35 years, the German cotton No.531 introduced by the Provincial Agricultural Improvement Institute was popularized in Huarong County. By 1949, Chinese cotton was basically replaced by German cotton. 

In 1950s, improved varieties of Jijiao Dezi Cotton and Daizi No.14 and No.15 were introduced and popularized, and experiments such as drilling sowing and chemical pest control were started. Seven yield-increasing techniques summarized by Wu Daosheng, a national cotton planting model worker in Huarong County, were popularized, including selecting pure varieties, sowing early in time, strengthening plants and seedlings, applying peach fertilizer steadily, pruning in time, lightly picking top centers and controlling pests and diseases. In the late 1950s, the new farming and cotton planting technology was popularized, which changed the cotton field from single cropping to double cropping of cotton beans, cotton oil and cotton wheat, and changed the wide box into narrow box drilling and "two groups and four rows". 

In the 1960s, Dongting No.1 and Daihongdai were introduced to carry out research on cultivation techniques and pest control. In 1964, the Cotton Experimental Station of the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences set up a sub-station in Qianliang Lake to carry out variety breeding, technical demonstration and pest control research, and popularize seed breeding techniques such as single plant selection, line comparison and mixed propagation. At the same time, focusing on high-yield grasping the "six-character" seedlings (early, dense, complete, neat, even and strong) and promoting the "three peaches" (peach in front, peach in front and peach in autumn), the technical reform of applying late seedling fertilizer as early as possible, applying less boll fertilizer as heavy boll fertilizer, and applying only nitrogen fertilizer as a combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was carried out. 

In 1970s, breeding, double cropping and high yield technology and integrated pest control were mainly studied. In 1970, Gu Guangrui, Peggy Lee Kam-Man, Li Guangquan, Yang Haiquan of Qianlianghu Farm systematically bred a medium-mature cotton variety 70-12 from Daizi cotton mutant, which took the second place in the regional trial of new cotton varieties in the province, and won the third prize of scientific and technological progress of the Provincial Department of Agriculture. In 1971, Liu Chunhui, a model worker of cotton planting in Huarong County, adopted a systematic breeding method to select 108 lines of Gaoyi Mian from Daihong Daizhong. After 7 years of experiments, it was finalized into 32 lines of new varieties and won the first prize of regional scientific and technological achievements. In 1972, the regional agricultural bureau carried out intercropping farming experiments of cotton fertilizer, cotton wheat, cotton oil and cotton beans in cotton areas. In 1974, the No.4 Branch of Qianlianghu Farm established Yueyang Cotton Science Research Institute (with a set of personnel and two brands in the provincial cotton test sub-station), which was responsible for cotton research and improved variety breeding in the whole region. In 1976, the Regional Institute of Agricultural Sciences and the Institute of Cotton Science carried out a high-density chemical weeding experiment on cotton, and popularized the seedling raising and transplanting technology covered with nutrition bowl film, which achieved remarkable results in increasing production.
In the 1980s,  launched introduction, promotion and breeding with the goal of high yield, high quality and low consumption. In 1979, Yang Qiugong selected two bolls from C-4769 in Junshan Farm. After indoor investigation, it was found that the cotton fiber was as long as 37 mm. After several years of breeding and reproduction, a new variety of high-quality cotton 31-234 was selected. After testing by Beijing Fiber Inspection Institute, Shanghai Textile Institute and Jiafeng Cotton Inspection Group and organization identification by the provincial seed company, it was considered that this variety was a new breakthrough in land high-quality cotton breeding, with long fiber and strong fiber. Jing ‘e No.1 was introduced in 1986, Simian No.2 was introduced in 1987, and the development and research of cotton by-products were also carried out. In 1982, the regional agricultural bureau summarized and popularized technical measures such as relaxing cotton row spacing and promoting chemical control with fertilizer to improve cotton yield and fiber quality. Popularize "shrinking and saving safety" to control cotton plant growth in vain. The following year, Qianlianghu Farm and Huarong County Cotton Seed Farm carried out plastic film mulching and one film dual-purpose cultivation experiments, which achieved good results and won the third prize of municipal scientific and technological progress. In 1984, Huarong County and Qianlianghu Farm popularized and applied the optimized cotton cultivation scheme summarized by the Provincial Economic and Trade Bureau and other units, and achieved outstanding results, yielding 70 ~ 80 kilograms of lint per mu. In 1987, Qianlianghu Farm, Peggy Lee Kam-Man, Xu Kewu, Zhou Zhihua, Liao Xueyao, Zhao Heming, etc. of the Economic Work Station of the Municipal Agriculture Bureau introduced standardized cotton cultivation techniques from the Provincial Cotton Institute, and reformed and utilized the factors that affected the high yield of cotton in the lakeside area. After several years of exploration, high-yield supporting technical achievements were obtained by combining improved varieties, good methods and good systems.By 1990, 200,000 mu of cotton fields were popularized in China, accounting for more than 65% of the total cotton fields in that year, which made the lint yield and grade of the whole city reach a new level. In the same year, Qianlianghu Farm produced 60,000 mu of cotton fields and 102 kg of lint per mu. Among them, Zheng Guoxian, the fifth branch and eighth team, has 1.33 mu of cotton field, which has been measured by more than 20 experts in the cotton industry in the province, and the yield of lint per mu is 204.1 kg, which is the highest in domestic cotton production. This achievement won the first prize of municipal scientific and technological progress. China Academy of Agricultural Sciences attached great importance to this issue, and sent personnel to conduct on-the-spot investigation and affirm it. In 1991, he won the fourth prize of scientific and technological progress of the Ministry of Agriculture and the third prize of agricultural scientific and technological progress of the province.

In the early 1990s, the CPC Yueyang Municipal Committee and Municipal Government took the development of cotton as an important measure to enrich the people and strengthen the city, and implemented the project of "one flower and three waters" (that is, developing cotton, aquatic products, waterfowl and fruits). In 1991, the Municipal Cotton Office organized Huarong and other two counties (fields) to promote comprehensive high-yield cotton cultivation techniques and achieved a comprehensive harvest. At the end of the year, he won the first prize of the Harvest Plan of the Provincial Department of Agriculture. In the same year, the cotton standardized cultivation technology popularization project jointly completed by Jingzuo Station of Municipal Agriculture Bureau, Jingzuo Station of Huarong County and Junshan Farm won the fourth prize of provincial scientific and technological achievements popularization. In 1994, the city planted 725,000 mu of cotton, of which Huarong County planted 420,000 mu of cotton and produced 37,800 tons of cotton, making it the third largest cotton-producing county in China. Sun Juliang, a cotton farmer in Xinqiang Village, Xinzhou Township, has planted more than 40 mu of cotton every year since 1988. With scientific management and rational use of fertilizers and pesticides, the lint yield per mu is more than 150 kg, which is known as the "Sanxiang Cotton King". In 1995, Simian No.2 and Xiangmian No.10, No.15 and No.14 were mainly popularized, so that the coverage rate of improved varieties in China reached over 96%. From 1993, "Xiangza Cotton" was planted on a trial basis, and by 1999, it was popularized to 500,000 mu, with a total of 1.65 million mu, with an average increase of 14.5 kilograms of lint per mu, achieving high yield and high efficiency. At the same time, the efficient interplanting techniques in cotton fields such as "cotton-red cabbage-early pepper" and "cotton-corn" will be implemented. In 1997, the municipal government issued the "Implementation Plan of High-quality Seedlings Project" and built 1100 mu of Hunan miscellaneous cotton seed production base, accounting for 45% of the total area of such seed production bases in the province.It can guarantee the seed supply of 600,000 mu planting area.

bast fibre plants  Ramie was planted in China before the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. In the Tang Dynasty, the processing began to take shape, and Baling Gongzhu cloth was listed as the top grade. In the second year of Xuantong in Qing Dynasty (1910), Pingjiang County set up hemp weaving classes in elementary industrial schools to teach courses such as planting hemp, beating hemp and weaving hemp. At the same time, 100 mu of land was zoned in Jinwo public field for the experimental study of hemp mulberry. 

In 1950s, hemp production was developed. Pingjiang, Huarong, Linxiang and Xiangyin counties are equipped with hemp specialized cadres, who are responsible for resource investigation and demonstration of improved varieties introduction. In 1952, Huarong County introduced trial planting of long-fruited jute from Guangfeng County, Jiangxi Province, and by 1955, it had spread 23,470 mu. In the same year, Miao Zian of Xiangbei Village, Nianyuxu Town, Huarong County summed up the experience of "five reforms" for high yield of jute and popularized it in China. In 1956 and 1958, Miao Zi ‘an was twice named as a national model worker for jute production. 

In the late 1970s and 1980s, the propagation technology and variety improvement of ramie seeds, roots and tender shoots were mainly popularized, and the research on high yield, high efficiency and integrated pest control and the transformation of processing machines were carried out. Huarong County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Zhaqi Agricultural Station Zeng Qinggeng, Duan Yuhua and Li Yisheng successfully carried out the short-light seed production experiment of Kenaf Qingpi No.3 and won the second prize of regional scientific and technological achievements. Fu Xiuyu, Liu Youyou, Zhao Zhangtian, Zhou Shengbao, Li Mengtao, etc., from the regional agricultural bureaus, introduced the fine-cut ramie seed root rapid propagation technology of Professor Li Zongdao from the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, experimented and popularized it in a large area, and achieved good results of expanding seeds and high yield in that year. This achievement won the first prize of regional scientific and technological progress and the third prize of provincial agricultural department. 

tea leaves Tea cultivation in China was first recorded in the Tang Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, tea cultivation techniques in Yuezhou were extended from Baling and Linxiang to Pingjiang and Xiangyin. In the 24th year of Hongwu (1391), Camellia Linxiang Longyao was listed as tribute tea. During the reign of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1662 ~ 1722), Linxiang made old green tea, and then made blue brick tea, which was exported to Mongolia and Russia. In the forty-six years of Qianlong (1781), Junshan tea was included as a tribute. In the 25th year of Daoguang (1845), Zuo Zongtang planted 5 mu of tea in Xiangyin, and carried out new cultivation techniques. The following year, Pingjiang County recruited Cantonese to teach black tea making technology. In the thirty years of Daoguang (1850), Pingjiang black tea was exported to Nanyang. In the 19th year of the Republic of China, the province set up a tea testing ground in Junshan. Yueyang Beigang Tea Experiment Site was established in 20 years, engaged in cultivation and production technology research, but was interrupted by the war. 

After the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the county set up tea rehabilitation committees, and tea scientific research was gradually carried out. In 1952, the refined processing of Pingjiang Tea Factory was semi-mechanized. In the same year, a tea delegation from the Ministry of Agriculture (including 3 Soviet experts) came to Pingjiang to inspect tea production and local varieties. In 1953, Yue

Yangxian county
Gao Yangwen, Yang Runkui and Tan Jianshen of Junshan Tea Farm innovated the tea picking and making technology.

Tall.
Junshan silver needle quality. In 1956, the product participated in the Leipzig World Expo and won the reputation of "gold inlaid with jade", which was later listed as one of the top ten famous teas in China. Since the same year, Linxiang green tea has been one of the tea material that President Mao Zedong drinks. In 1976, Yuan Yanchang, a farmer writer in Linxiang, wrote "Carrying Tea to Beijing" and sang it. In the same year, the Provincial Department of Agriculture conducted an investigation on tea varieties in Pingjiang County, and initially identified Castanopsis carlesii leaves in Pingjiang as local excellent varieties. 

In 1960s, the focus of tea scientific research was resource survey, improved seed breeding and mechanical tea making. In 1962, Yang Laijian and Gao Yangwen of Junshan Tea Farm selected four strains of Yinzhen No.1, No.2, No.6 and Green Tea No.22, which were well received by experts in the province. In 1963, Pingjiang Tea Factory developed red broken tea. In 1964, the Ministry of Agriculture, Foreign Trade, Agricultural Machinery and Public Security decided that Pingjiang Wengjiang Primary Tea Factory was one of the trial-production units of black broken tea, and carried out the equipment matching, quality standards and technology sub-tests, and promoted the results in the national black tea area. In 1965, the silver needle cutting in Junshan Tea Farm achieved good results, doubled the output and won the regional science conference award. 

In 1970s, breeding and propagation of improved varieties were mainly carried out. In 1973, the tea science experimental station was established in the region. In 1981, this station successfully tried cutting tea with short spikes in Liu Xiuhua, which was the first in China and won the first prize of regional scientific and technological achievements. In 1985, under the guidance of Liu Xianhe and Xiao Ling, senior agronomists of the Economic Bureau of the Provincial Department of Agriculture, the tea demonstration farm in Huangsha Street, Yueyang County developed Dongting Spring Tea, Dongting Spring Jasmine Tea and Dongting Spring Bud. Among them, Dongting Spring Tea won the "Golden Cup Award", a high-quality product of the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, and was rated as one of the 11 famous teas in China. The project won the silver medal of the first China Food Expo and the second prize of the municipal scientific and technological progress; Dongting Spring Bud was rated as a provincial-level high-quality tea and won the first-class scientific and technological progress in the city. In 1987, the Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the tea factory of Xiangyin County Tea Native Products Company took the lead in successfully developing tea bags in the province with Gynostemma pentaphyllum and tea as raw materials, and won the fourth prize of municipal scientific and technological progress. From 1991 to 1993, the comprehensive development project of high-quality tea and famous tea, which was initiated and implemented by the Municipal Economic and Trade Department, won the first prize of the Municipal Science and Technology Progress Award in 1994. In the same period, the city’s county (city) and township secondary backbone professional tea farms actively carried out the research and development of medium and high-grade brand tea products, and created 10 brand-name teas that passed the examination and approval at or above the provincial level, ranking first among the tea-producing cities in the province. In 1991, Lianyun Mountain Tea Farm in Pingjiang County won the National Famous Tea Award from the Ministry of Commerce. Miluo Dragon Boat at Fanjiayuan Tea Farm in Miluo City, Thousand Needles Asparagus at Qianzhenping Tea Farm in Linxiang City and Baishi Maojian at Baishiyuan Tea Farm all won provincial famous tea prizes. In 1992, Pingjiang County"Time is abundant and silver is fine" and "Hongshandong Maojian" in Yueyang County won provincial famous teas. Later, Fushou Maojian Tea in Pingjiang County, Zhongnan Maojian Tea in Huarong County, Fenghuang Maojian Tea in Quyuan Farm and Shengfeng Green Tea in Huarong County won the title of provincial high-quality tea. Dongtingchun Tea Factory, which won the National Silver Award during the Seventh Five-Year Plan period, has developed rapidly in the output and sales of Maojian and Yinzhen in 1992, and the scientific research of tea has also been sublimated simultaneously.

In 1991, Yueyang county government awarded a prize-Volga car to Liu Xianhe, a senior agronomist who made outstanding contributions to the development of Dongting Spring series tea.

silkworm breeding and mulberry growing  At the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty, mulberry planting and sericulture began in China. In the Tang Dynasty, silk was presented every year. During the reign of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, Fang Dabu, a native of Zhifu and Baling County in Hanyang, Hubei Province, wrote a book "Silkworm Breeding Summary", which systematically summarized the domestic sericulture cultivation techniques. In the second year of Xuantong in Qing Dynasty (1910), Zhou’s elementary industrial school in Pingjiang County set up sericulture classes to expand sericulture by combining teaching, scientific research and production. In the first year of the Republic of China, there were sericulture societies and sericulture research institutes in Xiangyin and Pingjiang counties. In 3 years, black, yellow, hemp and white silkworms were cultivated for use in various places. 

In 1950s, sericulture production was rapidly restored and developed. In 1953, Huarong, Pingjiang and other counties introduced improved silkworm eggs, the cocoon yield per sheet was twice as high as that of local species, and the growth period was shortened by 10 days. In the 1960s, Pingjiang, Huarong, Xiangyin and other counties popularized improved varieties for both spring and autumn. At the same time, we will promote dense planting mulberry fields with medium stems and transform low-yield mulberry fields. In the mid-1970s, the Provincial Silkworm Experiment Station established the largest silkworm egg farm and cold storage in Quyuan Farm, which can store 2 million boxes of silkworm eggs at a time, and the domestic silkworm eggs are more than self-sufficient. In 1980s, Huarong, Yueyang and Xiangyin counties popularized the experience of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and established a number of mulberry fish ponds and mulberry gardens with high yield and high efficiency. At the end of 1980s, on the basis of a comprehensive investigation of mulberry dwarf disease, the Municipal Agriculture Bureau promptly dug out diseased plants and prevented the spread of the virus vector Rhopalosiphum spinulosum. At the same time, Husang No.7 maternal garden was established in Huarong County, which effectively controlled the spread of dwarf disease. 

sugarcane  Before the establishment of People’s Republic of China (PRC), farmers had the habit of planting on the edge of dry soil and vegetable fields. In 1958, sugarcane was planted in pieces in China, mainly for introduction and trial planting and exploration of large-scale cultivation techniques. After Qianlianghu Farm was built, people were sent to introduce Taiwan Sugar 134 from other places to replace local inferior species. In 1970, he sent staff to study in Guangdong, Sichuan, Jiangxi and other provinces, and hired 16 sugarcane technicians from Guangdong Province to teach the technology and solve the problem of sugarcane overwintering. Later, improved varieties of Sichuan sugarcane No.6, 66/229, Nayin 310, Jiangxi sugarcane No.1 and No.8 were introduced one after another, covering an area of 10,000 mu, and the yield per mu increased to 26 tons. By then, the farm will be built into a sugar factory, which will carry out scientific research, production, processing and sales through one train. In 1978, Quyuan Farm established the Sugar Institute, specializing in sugarcane research. In 1982, the institute popularized the plastic film mulching technology to promote the early emergence and tillering of sugarcane. In 1984, Junshan and Qianlianghu farms applied rare earth to sugarcane production, and achieved remarkable results in increasing production and sugar. In 1985, Quyuan Farm cooperated with the Provincial Institute of Computing Technology to optimize the standardized cultivation techniques of sugarcane in Dongting Lake area, implement and popularize them, and won the second prize of municipal scientific and technological progress. In 1987, the Municipal Science and Technology Commission organized Qianlianghu, Junshan, Quyuan Farm and Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases to go to Guangxi to learn the technology of sugarcane seedling propagation by cell engineering. In the same year, seedling transplanting in Qianlianghu Farm, no-tillage method of sugarcane in Quyuan Farm, winter planting and spring planting of shoot tip seedlings with 7-8 leaves on the upper part of stem were all successful. In 1988, the sugarcane bud cells used in the sugar department of Quyuan Farm were successfully propagated. 

reed  Dike and reed are special products of Huzhou in China. Transplanting began in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty. In 1958, it was used to make paper, and reed research rose accordingly. In 1964, Huzhou Administration of Yueyang County established the Reed Experimental Station, which was later suspended due to the "Cultural Revolution". In 1973, the reed research group was established in Dawan Reed Farm, Yueyang County. The following year, Yueyang Reed Research Institute was established to carry out experiments and research on seedling transplanting, pest control, ploughing and rejuvenation, and improvement of low-yield fields. According to the physiological structure characteristics of reed seeds, the institute successfully completed the research on seedling cultivation of reed flowers instead of natural stem transplanting by sowing with shaking panicles and watering with sprayers. Three acres were planted in that year, and the survival rate was 90%. This research is the first in China. In September of the same year, he made a special introduction at the national reed base symposium, and then promoted it throughout the country. 

In 1980s, reed research institutes were established in Xiangyin and Huarong counties. The comprehensive technology of high-yield of Ophiopogon japonicus and Phragmites australis is the research theme. The yield of 1.92 mu experimental plot in Yueyang County is 2.36 tons, and the yield of 1,000 mu experimental plot is 2.2 tons, which is the highest yield in China at that time. At the same time, the main pests of reed and the vegetation and wild economic plant resources in Dongting Lake were investigated, which provided scientific basis for high yield of reed. 

Third, fruit and vegetable gardening 



vegetables  After the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC), with the increase of urban population, the production base of commodity vegetables has been expanding. In the second half of 1958, Dongjingling, a suburb, set up a demonstration test site for improved varieties of vegetables in Wuli Commune. From September 1960 to April 1961, Yujiafan, a suburb of Yueyang County, built four Beijing-style greenhouses with an area of 1,200 square meters, and only then did vegetables grow seedlings in China. In 1973, a vegetable seed farm was established in Nanjin Village, Wuli Township. In 1976, the agricultural station of suburban commune was established. In the same year, Yueyang Agricultural Institute was established, with 6 vegetable professionals and technicians, and introduced pepper, tomato, eggplant, beans, cabbage and other varieties for experiment, demonstration and popularization. In April 1980, the Municipal Institute of Agricultural Sciences and the agricultural machinery stations of various communes were abolished, and Yueyang Agricultural Technology Center Station was established. In 1982, it was renamed the Municipal Institute of Vegetable Science (hereinafter referred to as the Institute of Vegetable Science). 

In 1990s, in order to enrich the "food basket" of urban residents, all counties (cities) and districts built stable second-line "crossing the river" bases. A number of commercial vegetable bases in agricultural areas with three crops, cotton and vegetable intercropping and fruit and vegetable room as cultivation models have been expanded one after another. More than 200 foreign fine varieties have been introduced and popularized and more than 95% of local traditional fine varieties have been purified and rejuvenated. In view of the "three stresses" in vegetable production (spring stress, autumn stress and winter stress), protected cultivation and anti-season cultivation were adopted. Make use of modern scientific and technological achievements to promote the application of agricultural film, plastic film, sunshade net and plastic greenhouse in vegetable cultivation. Agricultural and plastic film coverage has been popularized, with sunshade nets covering nearly 1 million square meters, plastic greenhouses growing to more than 16,000, and shed planting area of 20,000 mu. By the end of 1999, urban people owned 0.5 kg of vegetables on weekdays. 

melons and fruit  Fruit tree cultivation in China has a long history. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were more than 30 varieties of fruit trees. Japanese pears were introduced in 20-22 years of the Republic of China, and in 29 years, Wang Yushan and Luo Guren introduced mandarin oranges, pears and peaches for planting and experimented with grafting techniques. In the late Republic of China, Li Fengsun, a famous agronomist, bought dozens of acres of land in his hometown (now Lijia Formation, Shuijing Village, Baiyun Town, Linxiang City) to start a ploughing farm, introducing and breeding improved fruit varieties. 

In the mid-1950s, fruit trees began to be developed in an organized way. From 1956 to 1959, through the general survey of fruit tree resources of the Economic and Trade Bureau of the Provincial Department of Agriculture, it was found that there were 81 species of fruit trees in 23 families, 28 genera.

Since 1970s, fruit tree research has focused on variety introduction, breeding and citrus cultivation. The research on cold-resistant cultivation of satsuma mandarin by the Municipal Institute of Agricultural Sciences provides experience for citrus production in the cold wave zone on the northern edge. Wu Tongcheng, Xie Ronghan and Luo Shaoyi of Pingjiang County Agricultural Bureau carried out the transformation of small and old citrus trees with low yield, applied winter fertilizer again, prevented mites, leaf miner and anthracnose, and took good measures to prevent cold and freeze. The citrus output in the county rose to three times before the transformation. This achievement won the second prize of bumper harvest of the Ministry of Agriculture and the third prize of regional scientific and technological progress. 

In the 1980s, governments at all levels paid great attention to the research and popularization of watermelon and deciduous fruit cultivation techniques while doing a good job in citrus scientific research. In 1985, Xu Huaxuan, Zhao Zhangtian, Lu Guangze of the Regional Agricultural Bureau and the Agricultural Research Institute developed a good cultivation technique for improved varieties of watermelon, and extended it to field production. The average yield per mu increased by more than 40%, and the yield per mu of improved varieties reached 2000-2500 kg, which won the first prize of regional scientific and technological progress. The following year, the Municipal Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xu Huaxuan, Yong Yang and Huang Fuding of Dajing Township, Miluo County conducted a series of research on seedless watermelon seedling raising and cultivation. After popularization, the value-added rate reached 30-48% and won the third prize of the Municipal Science and Technology Progress Award. From 1986 to 1989, Xu Huaxuan and Zhao Zhangtian organized the popularization of watermelon plastic film mulching cultivation techniques in the whole city, and achieved good results. The project won the third prize of scientific and technological progress of the Provincial Department of Agriculture. In 1987, the Achievement Section of the Municipal Science and Technology Commission cooperated with Xiangyin, Miluo and Huarong counties, and under the guidance of the Provincial Horticultural Institute, promoted the high-yield cultivation techniques of small fruits in northern Hunan. By 1988, 2,100 mu of Jinshui pear base, 5,000 mu of Baili base, 18,000 mu of peach trees and 5,000 mu of grapes had been built. 

In 1990s, with the adjustment of agricultural structure, especially after the implementation of the "one flower and three waters" project, local small fruit production developed rapidly. In 1992, the control of pear leaf rust mite was studied in lakeside garden; The research on the dead branch disease of Naili completed by Xiangyin County Science and Technology Commission and Provincial Horticultural Research Institute; Yueyang Fruit Office, Pingjiang County, Huarong County Fruit Office, and Jianxin Farm Greening Office jointly carried out the research on the application of hormones and nutrients in citrus flower and fruit protection and yield increase technology, which provided scientific basis for high and stable yield of local small fruits, provided operational technology for improving quality and pest control, and won the fourth prize of provincial scientific and technological progress. 

Four, soil fertilizer 

soil  In the 1950s, a mass campaign to transform low-yield fields was launched, with deep ploughing and soil improvement, green manure development, water conservancy construction, winter soaking and cold soaking fields as the main contents. In 1960, the soil survey was carried out for the first time, and the soil types, properties, transformation and utilization were preliminarily found out. In 1970s, the research on soil conditions of high and stable yield paddy fields was mainly carried out. From 1974 to 1976, Zhou Shouqiu, a graduate intern from a regional agricultural institute, conducted a fixed observation on the distribution, annual variation and influencing factors of farmland groundwater in China, which provided a scientific basis for the transformation of potential paddy fields. At the same time, it was first concluded in the province that the main reason of early rice seedling stagnation was the lack of available phosphorus in the soil, and low temperature chilling injury and extensive farming were the induced environmental conditions. After that, it was put forward that "increasing phosphorus to promote early development" was the key measure for high yield of early rice, and the effect of increasing yield was remarkable after popularization. From 1976 to 1979, Zhou Shou, a regional agricultural institute, asked Zheng Weibing and others to select more than 50 hilly high-yield fields for soil analysis, which provided a scientific basis for high and stable yield and won the third prize of regional scientific and technological achievements. In 1980, Zhou Shouqiu, Yang Chuxiang, Lin Ruiwen, Zeng Gaoliang, Li Zusheng, etc., adopted the method of combining field investigation and positioning observation to carry out multi-disciplinary experimental research on rice field genetic simulation, improvement of potential rice field and groundwater change law under different tillage systems, and improvement of purple tidal mud. After four years of exploration, the preconditions and environmental factors for the formation of potential fertile rice fields were found out. After this achievement was used to improve rice fields in a large area, the social and economic benefits were remarkable, and it won the second prize of scientific and technological progress in the city. The second soil survey conducted at the same time,It provided a basis for rational use of land, soil improvement and scientific farming, and won the third prize of outstanding achievements in soil survey of the Ministry of Agriculture; The first prize of provincial agricultural division and soil survey results and the first prize of regional scientific and technological progress. 

fertilizer  In the early days of the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the traditional experience of farmers in planting vetch fertilizer fields and accumulating soil miscellaneous fertilizers and farmyard manure was mainly summarized and popularized. In the 1960s and 1970s, in the high-yield cultivation of green manure, techniques such as ditching and drainage, inoculation of rhizobia, early application of phosphate fertilizer, increasing nitrogen with phosphorus and topdressing nitrogen in spring were adopted. Through the demonstration of high yield of green manure, the area of green manure increased from 494,000 mu in 1949 to 2.947 million mu in 1973. The yield of fresh grass per mu increased from 500 kg to 2,500 kg, with a maximum yield of 5,000 kg per mu. In the 1980s, fertilizer research developed from simple rice fertilization to fertilization of various crops. From emphasizing the application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer to paying attention to rational application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and optimizing formula fertilization by soil testing; From the application of ordinary chemical fertilizer to the application of trace element fertilizers such as rare earth and boron. From 1980 to 1982, the regional soil and fertilizer stations Guan Guangfu, Liu Jianhua, He Hansheng and Mao Yuping put forward the idea of spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate on rice, which was popularized in 1.2 million mu of paddy fields in China, generally increasing the yield by 4.1% and won the third prize of regional scientific and technological achievements. In 1983, Zhou Shouqiu and Guan Guangfu absorbed the domestic advanced experience of formula fertilization, and combined with local conditions, put forward the soil testing formula fertilization technology of "macro-zoning control, determining fertility parameters, evaluating fertility grade, determining target yield by soil, determining nitrogen by yield, determining phosphorus and potassium by missing indicators, and increasing application of organic fertilizer". After popularization, the effect of increasing production is remarkable, and it won the third prize of scientific and technological progress of the municipal and provincial agricultural departments respectively. Later, the station cooperated with the Institute of Intelligence of Chinese Academy of Sciences, taking agricultural expert system as the carrier and computer as the medium.The optimized Expert System of Optimized Soil Testing and Formulated Fertilization for Rice in Dongting Lake Area found a new way to guide farmers to scientifically fertilize. 

In the 1990s, fertilizer science and technology developed rapidly. Seventy-two soil monitoring sites have been built in the city, and special fertilizers have been prepared according to local conditions based on their soil test data, with a general yield increase of more than 10%. While basically popularizing soil testing and formula fertilization, various special fertilizers, magnetic fertilizers and rare-earth compound fertilizers have been developed and mass-produced, and applied and popularized. In 1992, several retired workers in Yueyanglou District purchased rare earth catalytic urea produced by patented technology organization, which had a miraculous effect on rice lodging resistance. In 1994, Dongnitrogen cooperated with the provincial seed company to develop "Dongke No.1" high-yield element. After field test, the effect of increasing production was remarkable, and the project won the third prize of provincial scientific and technological progress. 

V. Crop Protection 



Pest forecast  The earliest record of rice damaged by insect pests in China began in 1197, the third year of Ningzong Qingyuan in the Southern Song Dynasty. In the 15th year of Daoguang reign (1835), migratory locusts were everywhere in Baling County, and farmers used artificial capture and open fire to destroy them. In 29 years of the Republic of China, Li Fengsun, a famous entomologist, lost his job and published Economic Entomology of China in his hometown of Linxiang, which attracted the attention and attention of academic circles at home and abroad. In the past 32 years, agricultural extension institutes around the country have successively carried out investigation and control research on simple pests and diseases. 

After the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the people’s government attached great importance to pest control and disease elimination, and established plant protection, plant quarantine and pest forecasting institutions, and plant protection technology was developed and popularized. 

During the 1950s and 1960s, pest forecasting stations were set up in counties and farms to regularly forecast rice and cotton pests (mainly short-term and medium-term forecasting). In 1966, the regional agricultural bureau set up a forecasting station for the center of crop diseases and insect pests in Yueyang County in Daliu No.4 Team, Tongkou Commune, Yueyang County, to regularly forecast borers, leaf roller, rice blast, bacterial blight, cotton bollworm, aphid and cutworm, and guide the domestic plant protection and forecasting work. 

In 1970s, long-term forecasting was started, and the occurrence regularity and control methods of diseases and insect pests were studied. In 1974, Yang Kaiyan of Jinggang Agricultural Station in Huarong County made a systematic study on rice leaf roller by combining indoor caging and field observation, and summarized a set of effective control methods, which won the prize of regional science conference. In 1975, Yang Zhengting of Quyuan Farm participated in the national sugarcane scientific research cooperation project hosted by Ganke Institute of the Ministry of Light Industry, and used the live female Chilo suppressalis as the lure material to conduct the lure experiment. Later, in cooperation with Wu Deming, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, a series of trapping experiments with different proportions, doses, carriers and forms of sex pheromone isomers were carried out in this farm. After identification, it is the first time in China to use sex pheromone to forecast Chilo suppressalis. This achievement has won the second prize of regional scientific and technological achievements, the fourth prize of provincial scientific and technological progress and the third prize of national scientific and technological progress. In 1979, Li Fuchun, a regional agricultural school, investigated the morphology, habits, environmental factors, control efficiency, protection and utilization of Polynematodes, wrote a paper, which was adopted by international rice, and published a monograph on entomology. This achievement won the fourth prize of provincial scientific and technological progress and the second prize of municipal scientific and technological progress. 

In the 1980s, the methods and means of forecasting pests and diseases were greatly improved, and the coverage of forecasting was gradually broadened. In 1980, the pest monitoring and forecasting stations in Pingjiang and Xiangyin counties were designated as national key monitoring and forecasting stations, and participated in the collaborative research of national and provincial monitoring and forecasting. Pingjiang County Agricultural Bureau cooperated with Xinrong and Li Fuchun, the agricultural school of the city, to study the characteristics, habits, hazards and prevention methods of rice butterfly, put forward practical prevention measures, and won the third prize of the city’s scientific and technological progress. In 1982, Li Ruilan, Liu Zhiqiu, Gao Dengke of Xiangyin County Plant Protection Station established a rice disease and insect pest forecasting model with computer to replace the traditional forecasting methods. This achievement has reached the advanced level in the province and won the third prize of municipal scientific and technological progress. In the same year, the regional pest monitoring station and the provincial pest monitoring station were networked, and Pingjiang County began to monitor the pests and diseases of citrus and tea. In 1987, Huarong County began to investigate and forecast hemp and Yueyang County reed diseases and insect pests. By 1990, the accuracy of pest forecasting reached 74%, and in the mid-1990 s, the whole province and the whole country were networked to forecast.

Pest control  Before 1949, the prevention and control of agricultural pests and diseases mainly depended on salvaging wave slag, killing pupae in deep water, manually pulling and cutting stubble, catching and burning borers. 

In the 1950s, chemical control began. The Agricultural Research Institute of Xiangyin County Agriculture and Water Bureau tried to control cotton aphids with stinky pepper, and the effect was remarkable, and it was popularized in China. In the 1960 s, chemical pesticides were widely used and spraying was carried out to control insects. Yueyang, Huarong, Junshan, Qianlianghu and other counties and farms began to try out biological control, using wasps to control red bollworm. 

In 1970s, the scientific research on pest control turned to the track of prevention first and comprehensive control. In 1974, Chen Bogang, a teacher from No.1 Middle School in Xiangyin County, used spiders to control rice planthoppers for the first time in rice fields, and achieved remarkable results. He won the first prize of regional scientific and technological achievements, the second prize of provincial scientific and technological achievements and the third prize of national scientific and technological progress. In 1975, under the guidance of the Biology Department of Hunan Normal University, the Agricultural Science Station of Lantian Commune in Yueyang County isolated Beauveria bassiana 75-1 and 76-2 from the dead cicadas caused by natural parasites, and sprayed them with bacterial liquid or bacterial powder mixed with plant ash, and the cicada killing rate reached 83%. In 1978, the municipal plant protection station conducted a follow-up investigation on the overwintering sites of rice leaf roller. Yu Changbin of Yueyang County conducted a follow-up investigation on insects in Erhua, Yan Ruilin and Hu Xiaoping of Huarong County. In the same year, the regional science and technology office held a plant protection training class to train more than 400 biological control plant protection workers.

In 1980s, pest control became standardized. Monitoring and screening resistant varieties, promoting fitness cultivation techniques, improving chemical weeding techniques, popularizing high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticides, using spiders to control pests and cooperating with agricultural control have achieved remarkable results in protecting the ecological environment, improving the quality of agricultural products and reducing agricultural costs. In particular, the comprehensive control technology based on biological control has great influence in the whole country and even in the world. In September, 1989, the representative of the International Conference on Integrated Prevention and Control of Rice Diseases and Pests convened by FAO made a special trip to Xiangyin County to inspect the biological control situation and praised Xiangyin County as "the hometown of spiders".

In the 1990s, comprehensive prevention and control techniques were strengthened, seed quarantine was carried out, pest-resistant varieties were selected, accurate prediction was made, and specific pesticides with low toxicity, high efficiency and low residue were selected, so that environmental protection and increasing production and income were placed in the same position, and good ecological and economic benefits were achieved. 

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Open government day | Learn more about surface water process.

Tap water comes uninvited.

Water is the source of life, and our life.closeRelated, turn on the tap,Tap water flows out slowly. While enjoying the convenience brought by modern life, have we ever wondered where these tap water comes from? What technological processes have you gone through to reach thousands of households? today,We walked into Beihai main water supply plant.—— North Suburb Water Plant, visit the surface water purification process, and learn about the "past lives" of tap water together.

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The first article ?Brief introduction of beijiao waterworks

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The Northern Suburb Water Plant adopts surface water technology, and the water source is Niuweiling Reservoir. The design daily water supply capacity of Phase I is as follows150,000 tons. The northern suburb water plant started construction in 1993, and was shut down in 1996 due to the influence of national macro-control. In 2009, our company invested 65 million yuan to start the continuation project of the northern suburb water plant. In October 2011, the construction of the continuation project was completed. However, due to the serious eutrophication of the water source of Niuweiling Reservoir, the water after conventional treatment has a heavy muddy smell and it has been transformed into an underground water plant. In 2017, in order to effectively alleviate the shortage of water supply in our city, the water quality upgrading project of Beijiao Waterworks was started. Pretreatment and advanced treatment processes were adopted for the eutrophic raw water of Niuweiling Reservoir. The project was completed in December 2018, with a total investment of 97.8362 million yuan, and was officially put into production on January 7, 2019. In order to further improve the security of urban water supply, the company started construction of the second phase of Beijiao Water Plant in September 2020 according to the requirements of the municipal party committee and the municipal government, and it is expected to be completed in December 2022. The total investment of the project is 323 million yuan. In the past 12 years since 2009, our company has invested about 486 million yuan to improve the quality of drinking water in our city and ensure the safety of urban water supply.

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北郊水厂一期工程全流程鸟瞰

北郊水厂的水源来自牛尾岭水库,我们把它称之为“原水”。水源地的选择不仅要求水质良好、便于卫生防护,而且必须符合水源水质标准的要求。原水可以直接使用吗?当然不可以里含有各种各样的杂质,包括藻类、泥沙、等等,直接饮用会对人类的健康造成很大的伤害。自来水厂水处理的目的就是通过一系列的水处理工艺,一步步净化,水质Meet the national drinking standards.after, is allowed to be sent to thousands of households.

let ustogetherunderstandSurface water process flow bar

1. Raw water of Niuweiling Reservoir

After visiting the water treatment processfinish

youwhether or notHave a deeper understanding of tap waterUnderstand andknow

From raw water to tap water

After a series of complicated procedures

Standardized purification again and again

It’s really not easy

Tap water comes uninvited.

We should be morewhentreasure

There are many microorganisms, protozoa, viruses and pathogenic bacteria in natural water. In order to prevent pathogenic bacteria from bringing diseases to people, water supply companies will adopt disinfectants such as liquid chlorine or chlorine dioxide to disinfect and kill microorganisms and pathogenic bacteria in water.

Chlorine dioxide and liquid chlorine used by our company for disinfection are effectively controlled in strict accordance with the national Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water in the production process. The limit value of chlorine dioxide in the factory water using chlorine dioxide disinfection process is as follows0.1-0.8mg/L, the pipe network water limit value is greater than 0.02mg/L, the residual chlorine limit value of the factory water by liquid chlorine disinfection process is 0.3-4mg/L, and the pipe network water limit value is greater than 0.05 mg/L.

Users smell the smell in the process of use because people’s taste threshold for chlorine is0.2-0.5mg/L, when the chlorine in water exceeds 0.2mg/L, people can smell chlorine, but it is within the national standard value, which is qualified and safe drinking water, and users can use it with confidence.

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Last year’s GDP data of 31 provinces have been released, and 8 provinces exceeded 4 trillion.

GDP data of 31 provinces in 2019. Cartography Gao Yuting

  On January 22nd, The Paper reporters found that all 31 provinces in China have published 2019 GDP data.

  Earlier, according to the National Bureau of Statistics, preliminary accounting showed that the annual GDP was 99,086.5 billion yuan, an increase of 6.1% over the previous year at comparable prices, in line with the expected target of 6%-6.5%.

  Judging from the GDP growth data, Tibet’s GDP growth rate ranked first last year, at 9%; The provinces with a growth rate of more than 8% are Guizhou, Yunnan and Jiangxi. The GDP growth data of 18 provinces outperformed the national data last year, while the GDP growth data of Jiangsu and Beijing were the same as the national data of 6.1%. In the six central provinces, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangxi and Shanxi all exceeded the national level in GDP growth last year.

  Judging from the total GDP, Guangdong exceeded 10 trillion yuan for the first time and continued to lead the country, ranking first; There are five provinces with GDP exceeding 5 trillion yuan, except Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang and Henan. There are 8 provinces with more than 4 trillion yuan, in addition to the above provinces, there are Sichuan, Hubei and Fujian.

  In addition, Zhejiang’s total GDP exceeded 6 trillion yuan for the first time last year, and Henan exceeded 5 trillion yuan for the first time. The total GDP of Hubei and Fujian exceeded 4 trillion yuan for the first time last year. Last year, Yunnan’s GDP exceeded 2 trillion yuan for the first time. Henan’s GDP last year continued to lead the central provinces, and Sichuan continued to lead the western provinces. (The Paper reporter Gao Yuting)

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Guobo’s "Dream of Red Mansions" cake is so beautiful that you are willing to eat it.

  BEIJING, Dec. 14 (Reporter Shangguan Yun) On the 13th, a catering cultural creation "Yihong Qunfang" launched by the National Museum of China (hereinafter referred to as "Guobo") was refreshed again: several cakes with different shapes and exquisite shapes attracted netizens’ forefingers to move and expressed their desire for food.

"Yi Hong Qun Fang" catering cultural creation. Photo courtesy of China National Museum

  The reporter learned that the inspiration of this kind of Wenchuang cake is related to a traditional painting of China, Yi Hong Night Banquet. This painting was created in the late Qing Dynasty and is now in the National Museum of China. Its creation background is taken from the novel "A Dream of Red Mansions" in the sixty-third chapter "Shouyihong Qunfang opens a banquet".

  A banquet is naturally indispensable for delicious food. According to Guobo, this reminds people of another dim sum in ancient times — — Tangguozi, also called "Shangshengguozi" and "Tea Fruit", is a traditional dessert with tea.

  Therefore, after continuous attempts, the "Yihong Qunfang" cake was successfully designed and produced with the traditional "tea fruit" in the Tang Dynasty as the carrier and relying on a picture scene of A Dream of Red Mansions. The seemingly simple cakes not only strive to restore the pastry techniques of the Tang Dynasty, but also have the Tang Dynasty color and contemporary fashion elements in design.

  Some netizens said that they want to eat, but they are very reluctant. "The design of cakes is so special that it looks like a group of works of art!"

The cake idea is very novel. Image source: Photo courtesy of China National Museum

  In fact, this is not the first time that Guobo has launched food cultural innovation. Previously, it also launched the "Ruyi Cake", with the head as the main shape, and the surface bas-relief of two catfish jumping in the water, which is homophonic and has a modern taste: mocha, black cheese and cranberry … … Very suitable for young people’s tastes.

  Earlier, Guobo also launched the "Four Sheep Square Zun 3D Chocolate" and the sweet and delicious lollipop … … It can attract people’s pursuit almost every time.

  As the old saying goes, "Food is the most important thing for the people", and the museum has always been unwilling to lag behind in the matter of "eating".

  In 2014, Suzhou Museum produced cookies based on the cultural relics in the collection, and a secret color porcelain lotus bowl cookie with matcha flavor quickly became "online celebrity"; Sanxingdui Museum in Guanghan, Sichuan Province also launched "Bronze Mask Cookies", which is fun and delicious.

  In addition, at the beginning of 2019, Guangdong Provincial Museum presented three kinds of cultural and creative cakes to the audience, named "Guangdong Tibetan", "Guangdong Guangbao Box" and "Fashion", which attracted a large number of foodies. The dark black pattern on the top of the cake was the LOGO of Guangdong Provincial Museum.

Exquisite wenchuang cake. Image source: Guangdong Provincial Museum Weibo screenshot

  As for the Forbidden City, that’s not to mention: the special moon cakes are not only delicious, but also elegant in shape. For example, a "Guicai Mid-Autumn Festival special round" moon cake, the gift box is mainly based on the azure of Ruyao in Song Dynasty, decorated with ice cracks and dark lines, and the moon cake patterns are all from flowers and birds painted by Song Huizong, which is full of cultural flavor.

  Interestingly, the Summer Palace and Yuanmingyuan also came to join in the excitement of food and culture. Eight landmarks, such as Jade Belt Bridge and Wenchang Pavilion, are selected as the cultural and creative food of the Summer Palace, and cakes are made with different fillings. This year, from July 31st, Yuanmingyuan sold lotus-shaped ice cream, and sold 50,000 pieces in less than half a month.

Exquisite "Lotus Ice Cream". Image source: video screenshot

  It is true that it is not uncommon for museums to launch food cultural innovation in recent years. This kind of cultural innovation combined with diet also brings ancient cultural relics to life on another level. Gourmet cultural creation has repeatedly become a hot topic, which also reflects people’s rising cultural consumption demand.

  According to the China Youth Daily, Liao Fei, the head of the Food Culture Center of the National Museum of China, previously mentioned that no matter what wenchuang products are made, it is always culture that gives them connotation and soul. "Now the homogenization competition of wenchuang products is fierce. Can you make your own characteristics and convey the meaning to be expressed? The competition is the theme."

  Indeed, in addition to the "belly", the core content of Wenchuang cuisine is the word "culture". As a netizen said, cakes, lollipops, biscuits and other creative design ideas are quite novel, both edible and rich in cultural heritage, which makes the cold cultural relics more grounded, and this is probably one of the meanings of museum food creative.